نتایج جستجو برای: systematic and widespread corruption
تعداد نتایج: 16874928 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Why has the macroeconomic impact of foreign aid seemingly been so poor? Is there a relationship between the widespread level of corruption and other types of rent-seeking activities and concessional assistance? To answer these questions we provide a simple game-theoretic rent-seeking model. The model has a number of implications. First, under certain circumstances, an increase in government rev...
there are two major theories of measurement in psychometrics: classical test theory (ctt) and item-response theory (irt). despite its widespread and long use, ctt has a number of shortcomings, which make it problematic to be used for practical and theoretical purposes. irt tries to solve these shortcomings, and provide better and more dependable answers. one of the applications of irt is the as...
There is a heated debate on the merits of legalizing certain illegal, harmful and corrupting activities (such as trade in illicit drugs), but little theoretical insights on the consequences for optimal enforcement policies and corruption. We propose a model where the government hires law enforcers to report those who engage in a harmful activity. Offenders are allowed to respond by offering bri...
Received: 5 December 2008 Revised: 27 October 2009 Accepted: 2 November 2009 Online publication date: 20 May 2010 Abstract The issue of corruption is important to politicians, citizens, and firms. Since the early 1990s, a large number of studies have sought to understand the causes and consequences of corruption employing firm-level survey data from various countries. While insightful, these an...
The question of whether corruption is antithetical to economic development has been extensively researched and debated since the 1960s. This has occurred largely in connection with law and economic reform efforts directed by governmental development agencies and non-governmental organizations in Western countries toward developing countries in Africa, South America, and Asia. More recently, int...
1 The editors wish to thank the Netherlands Institute of Government (NIG) for a generous grant for the editing and correction work involved in this special issue. 2 For a recent volume on theoretical perceptions of political corruption, see G. de Graaff / P. von Maravic / F.P. Wagenaar (eds.), The Good Cause. Theoretical Perspectives on Corruption, Opladen 2010. For historical studies on corrup...
Political corruption has been a persistent phenomenon throughout history and across societies. It is found today in many dierent forms and degrees in all types of political systems, in developing countries as well as in Western democracies. The phenomenon is not solely or even largely the consequence of a moral fault or cultural backwardness. The root cause of corruption, in Europe as well as ...
corruption defined as abuse of power by governmental officials for personal goals.in recent years, many articles about determinants of corruption have been written that introduced so many variables as determinants of corruption. these factors can be divided into two categories: economic and non-economic factors.in these article we examine the effect of economic activities combination on corrupt...
There has been slow progress with finding practical solutions to health systems corruption, a topic that has long languished in policy-makers “too difficult tray.” Efforts to achieve universal health coverage (UHC) provide a new imperative for addressing the long-standing problem of corruption in health systems making fighting corruption at all levels and in all its for...
Introduction: Corruption, as a deterrent to equitable development, is recognized as a contentious issue in the field of institutional quality and political economy. The literature on the impact of corruption on economic growth often addresses the issue that corruption has had a negative impact on economic growth and development. But some economists believe that corruption has had a positive eff...
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