Local ceasefire agreements are prevalent in modern civil wars, but we know little about their impact. This study analyzes geo-referenced data on 145 local declared during the Syrian Civil War, 2011-2019, exploring short- and long-term effects intensity of armed violence. Drawing scholarship gradual confidence-building processes, theorize conditions under which may generate trust reduce conflict...

The development of occupational therapy was heavily influenced by an early evolved relationship between orthopedists and reconstruction aides during the first World War. Orhopedists were largely responsible for both the presence of occupational therapy in the war and the eventual acceptance (by army personnel) of women fulfilling this military function. As a result of gender issues of that time...

practice dating from medieval times) with increasingly concentrated and accurate firepower from rifled musketry and cannon. Thus Napoleon Bonaparte would lose over 40,000 dead and wounded in 2 days at the battle of Wagram (1809) while the murderous engagement at Antietam in the American civil war in September 1862 produced 1-day losses of 25,000 men, which rivaled even the fatalities of the Bri...

On 4 January 2016, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in The Hague announced that the process of destroying Syrian chemical weapons had been completed. Despite that declaration of success, problems obviously persist. Since April 2014, the civil war parties have accused each other in more than one hundred cases of having used chemical weapons. In more than twenty inc...

The Impact of Refugee Crises on Host Labor Markets: The Case of the Syrian Refugee Crisis in Turkey The civil war in Syria has culminated into major refugee crises in its neighboring countries. By the end of 2013 more than half a million people were seeking shelter in cities and refugee camps in Turkey. We analyze how the Syrian refugee influx in Turkey has affected food and housing prices, emp...