We introduce an adaptive approach for texture feature extraction based on multi-channel wavelet frames and two-dimensional envelope detection. Representations obtained from both standard wavelets and wavelet packets are evaluated for reliable texture segmentation. Algorithms for envelope detection based on edge detection and the Hilbert transform are presented. Analytic lters are selected for e...

The perceptual accuracy of an all-pole representation of the spectral envelope of voiced sounds may be enhanced by the use of frequency-scale warping prior to LP modeling. For the representation of harmonic amplitudes in the sinusoidal coding of voiced sounds, the effectiveness of frequency warping was shown to depend on the underlying signal spectral shape as determined by phoneme quality. In ...

Purified host-cell-free Rickettsia prowazekii synthesized protein from leucine, lysine, or proline as radioactive precursor. Most, if not all, of the rickettsial proteins were synthesized. The specific activities of the newly synthesized proteins in the cytoplasmic fraction and in the envelope fraction were not significantly different, indicating that both soluble and envelope proteins were syn...

Current HIV-1 vaccines elicit strain-specific neutralizing antibodies. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (BnAbs) are not induced by current vaccines, but are found in plasma in ∼20% of HIV-1-infected individuals after several years of infection. One strategy for induction of unfavored antibody responses is to produce homogeneous immunogens that selectively express BnAb epitopes but minimally expr...

DNA synthesis within the hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleocapsid appears to be coupled to nucleocapsid envelopment. The nature of the envelopment signal is unknown, but is thought to involve a conformational change at the surface of the capsid that facilitates interaction with HBV envelope proteins. In binding assays in vitro, it was found that empty HBV core particles bound synthetic peptides cor...

Motion compensation is a crucial step to inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging, and envelope correction is the foundation of motion compensation. Research on envelope correction based on the small-angle imaging model has matured after years of development. However, the small-angle imaging model is not applicable to parameter estimation and imaging of micro-motion targets. According to the ch...

In most low bit rate coders, the quality of the synthetic speech depends greatly on the performance of the spectral coding stage, in which the spectral envelope is estimated and encoded. The Spectral Envelope Estimation Vocoder (SEEVOC) is a successful spectral envelope estimation method that plays an important role in low bit rate speech coding based on the sinusoidal model. This paper investi...

The relative significance of spectral and temporal envelopes for the synthesis of orchestral wind-instrument tones was evaluated by exchange of spectral and temporal envelopes among the wind instruments, by creation of artificial spectral envelopes, and by perturbation of the spectral envelopes. It was found that, for the oboe, clarinet, bassoon, tuba, and trumpet, where the spectral envelope i...

Because T-helper cells are critical for immune responses in retroviral infections, CD4+ T-cell lines specific for the human T-leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) envelope have been generated from peripheral T lymphocytes of nonimmune donors to study their naive repertoire. Recombinant fragments (RE1, amino acids [aa] 26-200; RE3, aa 165-307; RE5, aa 308-401; and RE6, aa 165-401) of HTLV-1 envelope, ...