Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an active remote sensing tool operating in the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum. It uses the motion of the radar transmitter to synthesize an antenna aperture much larger than the actual antenna aperture in order to yield high spatial resolution radar images (Curlander & McDonough, 1991). It has been applied to military survey, terrain mapping, a...

Speckle noise, inherent in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, degrades the performance of the various SAR image analysis tasks. Thus, speckle noise reduction is a critical preprocessing step for smoothing homogeneous regions while preserving details. This letter proposes a variational despeckling approach where `1-norm total variation regularization term is approximated in a quadratic and l...

Recognition of occluded objects in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is a signi0cant problem for automatic target recognition. Stochastic models provide some attractive features for pattern matching and recognition under partial occlusion and noise. In this paper, we present a hidden Markov modeling based approach for recognizing objects in SAR images. We identify the peculiar characteristi...

Because of all-weather working ability, sensitivity to biomass and moisture, and high spatial resolution, Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite images can perfectly complement optical images for pasture monitoring. This paper aims to examine the potential of the integration of COnstellation of small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observasion (COSMO-SkyMed), Environmental Satellite Ad...

A Synthetic Aperture Radar is an antenna which collects and stores all signals with respect to amplitude, phase, frequency, polarization and running time for gaining desired information with Special processing algorithms. This paper provides a review of the progress in regard to the InSAR remote sensing technique and its applications in earth and environmental sciences, especially in the past d...

Atmospheric phenomena often leave fingerprints on the sea surface, which are detectable by synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Here we present some representative examples of SAR images acquired by the Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) onboard the Envisat satellite over the South China Sea (SCS) which show radar signatures of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) and of coastal wind fields. On SA...

Speckles appearing in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are generated by the coherent processing of radar signals[1].This paper implements and analyze various types of speckle filtering methods.Based on filtering result, classification of the polarimetric SAR data is done by implementing unsupervised and combined classification.Unsupervised classification uses the backscattering power SPAN ...

Underwater bottom topography may be visible on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images through the radar signature of ocean surface currents. Using SAR images and a limited number of echo soundings it is possible to constructs accurate depth maps, greatly reducing the costs of bathymetric surveying. Based on shallow water bathymetry synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging mechanism and the microwa...

In this paper we consider linear correlation lters for image pattern recognition, with particular application to Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). We investigate the statistical properties of several popular Synthetic Discriminate Function (SDF) based linear correlation lters, including SDF, MVSDF, and MACE lters. We compare these statistical properties both qualitatively and analytically for SAR...

SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images with very high resolution (till 1 meter) are now provided by new powerful sensors but their analysis, interpretation and classification are very hard when urban areas are under study. In this paper the high resolution in SAR images of built-up areas is faced with a model-based approach allowing detection and correct interpretation of 1 meter geometries.