Here we tested the hypothesis that stress-induced alterations in Neurogranin (Ng) synthesis and/ or utilization might underlie stress-related depression and anxiety. Rats were randomly divided into five conditions: chronic swim stress (CS), acute swim stress (AS), and three control groups. The CS group was exposed to daily swim stress (5 min/day) for 14 consecutive days, the AS group received a...

Objective(s): Intracerebroventricular injection of orexin-A (hypocretin-1) antagonist has been shown to inhibit stress-induced analgesia. However the locations of central sites that may mediate these effects have not been totally demonstrated. This study was performed to investigate the role of rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) orexin receptor 1 in stress-induced analgesia (SIA). Materials and...

Background Stress constitutes a risk factor across several psychiatric disorders. Moreover, females are more susceptible to stress-related disorders, such as depression, than males. Although dopamine system underactivation is implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, little is known about the female dopamine system at baseline and post-stress. Methods The effects of chronic mild stress...

Recently, the percentage of Peptic ulcer disease not linked to either Helicobacter pylori or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has increased and signifies prominent role psychophysiological stress in establishment advancements gastric ulcers other peptic diseases. The current study was intended only develop post-treatment swim stress-induced rat model but also analyze curative effects hydro...

in order to quantify of schooling behavioral responses of rosy barb (puntius barbus) subjected to acute decreasing temperature stress monitored by computer- vision system. four aquaria as duplicate with a density of 30 fish per unit were used for rearing of fish in normal and stress conditions. some geometric schooling parameters such as average location of center gravity school and distance of...

Plant extracts are the most attractive sources of newer drugs and have been shown to produce promising results for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Karanjin, a furano-flavonoid has been evaluated for anti-ulcerogenic property by employing adult male albino rats. Karanjin (>95% pure) was administered to these rats in two different concentrations, that is, 10 and 20 mg kg(-1) b.w. Ulcers were ind...

Stress-related disorders such as PTSD and depression are more prevalent in women than men. One reason for such discordance may be that brain regions involved in stress responses are more sensitive to stress in females. Here, we compared the effects of acute stress on gene transcription in the hippocampus of female and male mice, and also examined the involvement of two key stress-related hormon...

Inbred mouse lines selectively bred for divergent levels of swim induced analgesia were differed in the ability to escape electric footshock. Mice displaying a high analgesia on a hot plate, after swimming for 3 min at 20 degrees centigrade terminated electric current applied at ascending intensity to the grid floor at a higher value compared to the low analgesia line. The difference was partic...

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) activates locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine neurons during stress. Previous stress or CRF administration attenuates the magnitude of this response by decreasing postsynaptic sensitivity to CRF. Here we describe the fate of CRF receptors (CRFr) in LC neurons after stress. Rats were exposed to swim stress or handling and perfused 1 or 24 h later. Sections th...