BACKGROUND In vitro fertilization (IVF) surrogacy makes it possible for women who do not have a functional uterus to have their own genetic offspring. We describe here our experience of IVF surrogacy in Finland over a 10-year period. METHODS This retrospective study included 17 women who underwent ovarian stimulation in connection with surrogacy in 1991-2001 at four clinics. The surrogate mot...

BACKGROUND Cycle accidents are a common cause of physical injury in children and adolescents. Education is one strategy to reduce cycle-related injuries. In the UK, some children undertake National Cycle Proficiency Scheme [NCPS] training (now known as Bikeability) in their final years of primary school. It aims to promote cycling and safe cycling behaviours but there has been little scientific...

In pediatrics, parents are the presumed surrogate decision-makers for their children. Parents are generally obligated to make decisions in the child’s best interest. When assessing what is in the child’s best interests, parents should consider the child’s experience of illness, potential for suffering (physical or psychological), and ability to understand and tolerate treatment. Yet, parents ma...

s:1640:"Background: Surrogacy is one of the most controversial procedures in infertility treatment. Despite increasing of using this technology in Iran, there are few practical data about surrogacy. There isn't any study assessing experiences of commissioning mothers about surrogate mother selection. The purpose of this study was exploring of commissioning mothers' experiences in sele...

BACKGROUND Making major treatment decisions with life-altering consequences is a significant challenge faced by parents of children with cancer. The unique experience of parents is not well represented in the growing literature on cancer treatment decision making (TDM). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe the process of parents making major treatment decisions for their chil...

Consider the following three cases: A paediatrician is called to the delivery room as a woman is about to give birth to a premature baby at 24 weeks. The mother and father request that the baby not be resuscitated. The baby weighs 760 grams and has an Apgar score of 6 at 1 min. The paediatrician ignores the parents’ requests for comfort care and intubates the baby. A full-term baby with Trisomy...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is not known whether parental activity levels influence children's physical fitness. Members of the military are required to maintain standards of physical fitness, whereas the civilian population is not. We conducted this study to compare fitness levels of children in military and civilian families. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of third-grade stude...