This document is included in the Annex of Part 7 as historical background of a well-intentioned task that was completed at too slow a pace, missing its target date for serving as a reference for other in-process IEC standards projects concerned with low-voltage surge-protective devices. For the sake of historical accuracy and perspective, the document is presented here in its draft form, includ...

This article reviews what is known about daily emergency department (ED) surge and ED surge capacity and illustrates its potential relevance during a catastrophic event. Daily ED surge is a sudden increase in the demand for ED services. There is no well-accepted, objective measure of daily ED surge. The authors propose that daily and catastrophic ED surge can be measured by the magnitude of the...

Male moths aiming to locate pheromone-releasing females rely on stimulus-adapted search maneuvers complicated by a discontinuous distribution of pheromone patches. They alternate sequences of upwind surge when perceiving the pheromone and cross- or downwind casting when the odor is lost. We compare four search strategies: three reactive versus one cognitive. The former consist of pre-programmed...

Sloshing is a common flow phenomenon in liquid cargo tanks and has great negative impact on the stability safety of ship navigation. It important to understand sloshing process under excitation complex external conditions for transportation cargo. In this paper, characteristics tank are studied combination roll surge. The pressure distribution at different positions discussed, along with influe...

We tested the hypothesis that oxytocin-induced labor augmented IL-1beta-induced/-stimulated lung fluid absorption in preterm guinea pig fetuses. IL-1beta was administered subcutaneously daily to timed-pregnant guinea pigs for 3 days with and without simultaneous cortisol synthesis inhibition by metyrapone. At day 3, oxytocin was administered, and fetuses were delivered by abdominal hysterotomy ...

Oocyte maturation and embryo development are controlled by intra-ovarian factors such as steroid hormones. Progesterone (P4) exists in the follicular fluid that contributes to normal mammalian ovarian function and has several critical functions during embryo development and implantation, including endometrial receptivity, embryonic survival during gestation and transformation of the endometrial...

This paper denouements the study of operating parameters of a hydraulic transmission system with and without the application of hydraulic accumulator. In this respect, the hydraulic system, designed in the open circuit mode, consists of the fixed displacement hydraulic pump which gives pressured fluid to the hydro-motor and charges the accumulator as well. The load on the motor is controlled hy...

This paper aims to measure and analyze of the leakage current of 20 kV polymer and porcelain metal oxide surge arresters under humid ambient conditions by applying different voltages to the arresters terminal. The characteristics of the leakage currents at that stage have been investigated when changes in the ambient humidity were introduced in an artificial fog chamber. It is assumed that magn...

Eye contact captures attention and receives prioritized visual processing. Here we asked whether eye contact might be processed outside conscious awareness. Faces with direct and averted gaze were rendered invisible using interocular suppression. In two experiments we found that faces with direct gaze overcame such suppression more rapidly than faces with averted gaze. Control experiments ruled...

The objective of this paper is to present the modeling and analysis of a 1.7 Mva SMES-based voltage sag corrector devices. The topology of the SMES-based system and its response to an upstream fault are described. This paper details various modeling aspects of the device including methods to generate a triangular signal and an internal reference voltage. Models to characterize the harmonic cont...