the goal of this study was to investigate the effect of using computer conceptual maps­, compared with  usual way of drawing them by pencil and paper­, in increasing learning, recalling and educational progress motivation in geology course among high school students. the study was conducted in semi experimental method in which students of 3 classes were classified in 3 groups. (group 1: common ...

Due to the existing algorithm of pencil drawing mainly focuses on automatically generated the images, and rendering with parameters is researched little. In view of this, it developed a colored pencil drawing rendering algorithm with multi-parameter in this paper. It presented an improved pencil texture generation algorithm by setting 6 parameters for pencil rendering, and using wavelet methods...

This paper proposes a new method for designing a developable surface by constructing a surface pencil passing through a given curve, which is quite in accord with the practice in industry design and manufacture. By utilizing the Frenet trihedron frame, we derive the necessary and sufficient conditions to construct a developable surface through a given curve. Considering the requirements in shoe...

Corneal stromal and/or penetrating ocular injuries from pencils and pencil lead are more common in childhood and may lead to intraocular infection or severe intraocular sterile inflammatory reaction. Herein we report 3 children with ocular trauma due to pencil lead injuries. The first case had corneal stromal injury caused by a pencil. In the second case, a pencil perforated the cornea and cont...

Writing is a powerful skill that humans use on a daily basis to convey and capture information. J.J. Gibson pointed out that writing is a special form of tool use, which requires a special tool that has the ability to leave a trace on a surface: “A hand-held tool of enormous importance is one that, when applied to a surface, leaves traces and this affords tracemaking. The tool may be a stylus, ...