Abstract Spatially explicit estimates of population density, together with appropriate uncertainty, are required in many management contexts. Density surface models (DSMs) a two-stage approach for estimating spatially varying density from distance sampling data. First, detection probabilities—perhaps depending on covariates—are estimated based details individual encounters; next, local densitie...

in this work, a tracer study on pore initiation in anodic alumina in oxalic acid was performed. effects of some experimental parameters such as applied electrical potential, electrolyte composition and heat pretreatment were evaluated. electrochemical and morphological experiments were performed using potentiostatic anodizing and scanning electron microscopy (sem) techniques, respectively. effe...