Flow injection analysis (FIA) methods for the spectrophotometric determination of CO2 and SO2 in wines are described. The determination of CO2 is based on the colour change of a low capacity buffer (containing an acid-base indicator) due to the dissolved carbon dioxide. The determination of SO2 is based on the decoloration of malachite green by sulphur dioxide. Two FIA manifolds are presented; ...

BACKGROUND Inhalation of sulphur dioxide (SO2) provokes bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects. Cholinergic mechanisms contribute, but other mechanisms remain undefined. The effect of morphine, an opioid agonist, on the cholinergic component of SO2-induced bronchoconstriction was investigated, and the effect of indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, on SO2-induced bronchoconstriction and ...

Volcanic eruptions can emit large amounts of rock fragments and fine particles (ash) into the atmosphere, as well as several gases, including sulphur dioxide (SO2). These ejecta and emissions are a major natural hazard, not only to the local population, but also to the infrastructure in the vicinity of volcanoes and to aviation. Here, we describe a methodology to retrieve quantitative informati...

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) which has not previously been used in investigating the effect of sulphur dioxide (SO2) on the human lung was performed on 12 subjects before and after controlled chamber exposure with SO2 for 20 minutes. BAL fluid 24 hours after exposure with 10 mg S02/m3 (4 ppm, 10 subjects) showed increased alveolar macrophage activity as judged by an increase in lysozyme positiv...

The impact of air pollution on human health is subject to extensive research. most evidence concerns the effect of exposure to airborne Pm10 and PM2.5 on daily mortality and hospital admissions. however; less is known about the effects of SO2. our study (time-series analysis) investigates the effects of 24-hour concentrations of Pm10, SO2 and nOX on daily mortality over 2001-2002 in 14 cities o...

The tremendous decline of combustion-derived emissions of traditional air pollutants such as sulphur dioxide (SO2) and total suspended particles (TSP) in Eastern Germany shortly after German reunification in 1990 provided the unique opportunity to study trends of prevalence of respiratory illness along with the improvement of air quality. The present review focused on the results of two repeate...

This paper presents results of measurements of tropospheric sulphur dioxide (SO2) from satellite over China during 2004e2009. SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT SO2 data products have been validated by ground based remote sensing instrument MAXDOAS in China, and with predictions of the atmospheric model GEOSeChem. The spatial and temporal distribution of tropospheric SO2 over China is discussed in this study. T...

Relations between pulmonary symptoms and exposure to respirable dust and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were evaluated for 145 silicon carbide (SiC) production workers with an average of 13.9 (range 3-41) years of experience in this industry. Eight hour time weighted average exposures to SO2 were 1.5 ppm or less with momentary peaks up to 4 ppm. Cumulative SO2 exposure averaged 1.94 (range 0.02-19.5) pp...

Cough is the most common symptom of respiratory diseases. When cough becomes serious, opioids are effective, but they have side effects like sedation, constipation, some addiction liability and also compromise the respiratory function. Therefore, there is need to have effective anti-tussive agent which do not have respiratory suppressant activity. The present study was carried out to evaluate a...

OBJECTIVE The short term association between daily mortality and ambient air pollution in the city of Lyon, France (population, 410,000) between 1985 and 1990 was assessed using time series analysis. DESIGN This study followed the standardised design and statistical analysis (Poisson regression) that characterise the APHEA project. METHODS Four categories of cause of death were studied: tot...