The concept of future-proofing cities seeks to minimise environmental impacts by utilising various mitigation and adaptation techniques, specifically improving urban fabric. Studies on forms parameters have been extensively conducted in hot, arid humid climates while they less investigated temperate climates. In the UK, current local design guides meet needs designers planners, however, are sti...

The effect of the sky view factor (SVF) on outdoor thermal comfort has been extensively explored, while its impact indoor environment is ignored. This research combined Envi-met and kriging models to explore annual environment. Different from previous studies, this study explored temperature rather than temperature, perspective a full year instead typical summer day. analytical results reveal t...

Understanding the causes of the intra-urban air temperature variability is a first step in improving urban landscape design to ameliorate urban thermal environment. Here we investigated the spatial and temporal variations of air temperature at a local scale in Beijing, and their relationships with three categories of landscape design parameters, including the land cover features, site geometry,...

This research analyses upward long-wave radiation flux density from urban surfaces using a high-resolution thermal-infrared (TIR) camera and meteorological measurements in the city of Berlin, Germany. We report spatiotemporal patterns of the difference between upward long-wave radiation flux density from courtyard surfaces and the roof. Thermal patterns show persistence effects due to shadow, s...

Remote sensing has become the most important data source for the digital elevation model (DEM) generation. DEM analyses can be applied in various fields and many of them require appropriate DEM visualization support. Analytical hill-shading is the most frequently used relief visualization technique. Although widely accepted, this method has two major drawbacks: identifying details in deep shade...