Climate effects and human impacts, that is, nutrient enrichment, simultaneously drive spatial biodiversity patterns. However, there is little consensus about their independent effects on biodiversity. Here we manipulate nutrient enrichment in aquatic microcosms in subtropical and subarctic regions (China and Norway, respectively) to show clear segregation of bacterial species along temperature ...

The Subarctic comprises the higher mid-latitudinal regions with short, cool, moist summers and long, cold, dry winters. Indeed, the short, cool growing season is often thought of as a barrier to crop growth and diversity in these regions. Little is known, however, concerning the impact of the Subarctic climate on crop production. This study aimed to identify the climatic factors that are most i...

The Pseudomonas sp. PAMC 26793 was isolated because of its high ability to degrade humic acids from a subarctic grassland in Alaska. We sequenced the PAMC 26793 genome to discover the genes for degradation of natural humic substances and to provide further information for the degradation process of soil bacteria in a low-temperature environment.

The carbon isotope composition of photosynthetic organisms reflects the (delta)(sup13)C of their inorganic carbon sources. The large difference between (delta)(sup13)C in cyanobacterial surface scums (-25 to -18(permil)) and subsurface blooms (-34 to -30(permil)) in a subarctic lake indicates direct atmospheric CO(inf2) fixation by the scums.

Community composition of Bacteria in the surface and deep water layers were examined at three oceanic sites in the Pacific Ocean separated by great distance, i.e., the South China Sea (SCS) in the western tropical Pacific, the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) in the eastern tropical Pacific and the western subarctic North Pacific (SNP), using high throughput DNA pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Bioinf...

Climate change and species invasions represent key threats to global biodiversity. Subarctic freshwaters are sentinels for understanding both stressors because the effects of climate change are disproportionately strong at high latitudes and invasion of temperate species is prevalent. Here, we summarize the environmental effects of climate change and illustrate the ecological responses of fresh...

INTRODUCTION Sleep duration, chronotype and social jetlag have been associated with body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity. The optimal sleep duration regarding BMI has previously been found to be 7-8 hours, but these studies have not been carried out in the subarctic or have lacked some central variables. The aims of our study were to examine the associations between sleep variables and b...

Community composition and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in the ocean were affected by different physicochemical conditions, but their responses to physical barriers (such as a chain of islands) were largely unknown. In our study, geographic distribution of the AOA from the surface photic zone to the deep bathypelagic waters in the western subarctic Pacific adjacent to the Kuril I...

• In situ indices of iron limitation in phytoplankton • Phytoplankton biomass and systematics with flowcytometry and microscopy North American scientists discussed the fundamental questions and observational details of proposed comparative studies of ecological processes in the upper waters of the oceanic subarctic Pacific. The physical setting of the subarctic Pacific was well described by Fav...