Styrene is used in a variety of chemical industries. Environmental and occupational exposures to styrene occur predominantly through inhalation. The major metabolite of styrene is present in two enantiomeric forms, chiral Rand Shydroxy-1-phenyl-acetic acid (R-and S-mandelic acid, MA). Thus, the concentration of MA, particularly of its enantiomers, has been used in urine tests to determine wheth...

atom transfer radical polymerization (atrp) of styrene was carried out at 105°c and a monte carlo simulation was employed to model the system. the variations of monomer conversion, the initiator concentration, average molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution were evaluated as the reaction proceeded. according to the results obtained, for similar reaction time, monomer conversion is h...

Despite all the technical and economic problems and the public discussions on the environmental dangers and hazards of chlorine chemistry, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is the second most produced plastic (with a worldwide capacity of about 31 million tons), placing after polyolefins and before styrene polymers. Presently, PVC production worldwide is growing at a rate of more than 4% per year. The...

4-chloromethyl styrene homopolymer and its copolymers with styrene were prepared from their corresponding 4-chloromethyl styrene and styrene monomers at 1:0, 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 mole ratios. these homo- and copolymerswere synthesized by radical polymerization in presence of aibn as initiator and dry toluene as solvent. then, chloromethyl groups were converted into azidomethyl groups on the homo- a...

cellulose was modified by polystyrene (ps) and polyacrylonitrile (pan) via free radical and living radical polymerization, and then cellulose was used as the matrix in the preparation of polymer/clay nanocomposite, through a solution intercalation method. for this purpose, first, the graft polymerization of styrene (st) onto cellulose fibers was performed by using suspension polymerization and ...

Photo-induced cationic polymerizations of styrene and x-methylstyrene, which are weak electron donors and contain no hetero atom, were carried out in the presence of electron acceptors such as tetracyanobenzene and pyromellitic dianhydride to elucidate the polymerization mechanism initiated through an excited charge transfer interaction. Cyclohexene oxide was also polymerized by photo-illuminat...

The synthesis and chiroptical properties of two novel optically active helical glycopolymers, poly{2,5-bis[4′-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactosyloxy)phenyl]styrene} (PTAGPS) and poly{2,5-bis[4′-( D-galactosyloxy)phenyl]styrene} (PGPS), were reported. The former was obtained via radical polymerization of 2,5-bis[4′-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-galactosyloxy)phenyl]styrene (TAGPS), while the l...

a copolymer of styrene and methyl styrene was synthesized by nitroxide - mediated “living” free radical polymerization )nmp). n-bromosuccinimide was used as a brominating agent to obtain a copolymer with bromine as its end group. this brominated copolymer was used as macro initiators for atom transfer  radical  polymerization  (atrp).  chemical  modifcation  of  the  clay  and transformation of...