The genus Rhododendron L. is the largest in heather family Ericaceae DC. Rhododendrons are decorative evergreen, semi-evergreen and deciduous shrubs that have gained great popularity green building, ornamental gardening breeding. Among all groups of rhododendrons, most promising for cultivation Central Russia due to their high winter hardiness, unpretentiousness exceptional effect. article pres...

At present three erythropoietic-stimulating agents (ESAs) are available, these being epoietin alpha, epoietin beta and darbepoietin. In oncology the marketing licence given in the early 1990s was and still is for reduction of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in chemotherapy-induced anaemia (CIA) in non-haematological neoplasia. Regulatory bodies as well as various scientific societies have issu...

Pharmacovigilance (PV) is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or other problems related to medical products after they have been licensed for marketing. The purpose of PV is to advance the safe use of marketed medical products. Regulatory agencies and license holders collaborate to collect data reported by health car...

BACKGROUND There are limited reports of thrombosis among myelodysplastic syndrome patients exposed to erythropoiesis stimulating agents. It is not clear whether erythropoiesis stimulating agents are associated with an increased risk of thrombosis in myelodysplastic syndromes, as they are among patients with solid tumors. DESIGN AND METHODS The association between use of erythropoiesis stimula...

I write this editorial in deference to the many experts who devote their careers to this important field. In this editorial, I simply report the journeyman route of a medical oncologist who is desperately trying to improve the outcomes of women suffering from breast cancer. At the end of the 1990s, there was much hope that erythropoie-sis stimulating agents (ESAs) would improve the survival of ...

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), such as the approved agents epoetin alfa and epoetin beta, has been used successfully for over 20 years to treat anemia in millions of patients. However, due to the relatively short half-life of the molecule (approximately 8 hours), frequent dosing may be required to achieve required hemoglobin levels. Therefore, a need was identified in some anemic pa...