background and purpose: preoperative fast is the essential part of preoperative care for those patients who are candidates for elective surgery. fast prolongation results in side effects such as: sweating, irritability, decrease in blood sugar and restlessness. despite the noticeable changes in fasting guidelines and their application in many countries, it seems that in iran, these rules are no...

although complicated acute appendicitis is occasionally observed in general practice, the diagnosis of appendiceal abscess by colonoscopy is unusual. we report a case of appendiceal abscess with spontaneous drainage into the lumen of colon diagnosed during colonoscopy and resolved by the time of surgery.

myxoid is a common type of liposarcoma. cardiac metastasis of sarcoma is a rare diagnosis. transthoracic echocardiography is a useful tool for beginning the diagnosis. curative resection of metastasis and then combination systemic chemotherapy for advanced disease is recommended. we report a 50 year old woman who presented with a cardiac metastasis of high grade round cell liposarcoma to right ...

introduction: education and training in surgery is in the middle of apprenticeship style of learning especially in operating room with little importance of understanding on how trainees learn. methods: this training is one of the most difficult types of training. medical training and expertise are the specialty of this education system. we can name these complex fields as “operational strategie...

results traditional paradigms of the mentor plotting the career of the mentee may not be possible in the future. in the ever-changing practice of surgery, time constraints are only increasing, making the act of mentoring more difficult. conclusions the mentee or trainee must take a more active role and seek out mentorship, seek out collaboration, be more proactive, and communicate their needs a...

conclusions surgical treatment of spinal deformity in the young regardless of the type of disease, can lead to significant improvements in health-related quality of life, as shown by self-image, psychology, and satisfaction in srs-30 domain scores. demographic data including sex, age, weight, height, and education were not correlated with the outcome. results frequency of underlying diseases wa...

evidence acquisition a systematic literature searching of databases medline, embase, and google scholar was done from 1982 and updated in december 2015. search terms were “cholecystectomy”, “laparoscopic cholecystectomy”, “four port laparoscopic cholecystectomy”, “single-incision laparoscopic surgery”. context laparoscopic approach with its several techniques has become the standard method for ...