Abstract Nature is never at a steady state. Natural history generated by ever-new and ever-interacting forces that produce continuous changes. At virtually all timescales, the geological record shows these changes do not cancel each other out and, thus, state utopic. However, we need of equilibrium as starting point for modelling Nature, steady-state condition widely used reference in idealisat...

The potential for nanofuels as one of the clean sources of energy on account of its enhanced combustion performance coupled with low emissions has been established. Considering the importance of the fuel evaporation phase in the entire combustion process, this work presents an attempt at applying the steady state analysis equations to nanofuel experimental data obtained from the li...

The airflow in the modeled glottal constriction was simulated by the solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations for laminar flow, and the corresponding Reynolds equations for turbulent flow in generalized, nonorthogonal coordinates using a numerical method. A two-dimensional model of laryngeal flow is considered and aerodynamic properties are calculated for both laminar and turbulent steady flows...

A plane subsonic jet was subjected to periodic oscillations in the near nozzle region by a twin vane system. During excitation, the jet was found to spread significantly and entrain mass much more than its steady counterpart. Time averaged static pressure measured in the flow field with a disc probe exhibited prominent well defined suction regions different from that of a steady jet.