The loading margin to a saddle-node or fold bifurcation measures the proximity to voltage collapse blackouts of electric power transmission systems. Sensitivities of the loading margin can be used to select controls to avoid voltage collapse. We analytically justify the use of static models to compute loading margins and their sensitivities and explain how the results apply to underlying dynami...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the biosynthetic response of elderly human femoral head articular cartilage to mechanical stimulation in vitro and its variation with site. METHOD Full-depth cartilage biopsies of articular cartilage were removed from defined sites on 10 femoral heads from patients aged 68-95 years. Cartilage explants were subjected to either static or cyclic (2s on/2s off) loading in...

In this paper, progressive damage and global failure of composite laminates under quasi-static, monotonic loading are investigated using 3D continuum damage mechanics. For this purpose, a finite element program has been developed using an eight-node 2D layered element including layer-wise plate theory. Damage analysis of a single orthotropic layer under various uniform in-plane and transverse l...

this study aims to numerically investigate on the crashworthiness of thin-walled square tubes by consideration of 3-d oblique loading. in this type of loading, direction of loading is defined by using two spatial angles relative to the position of the tube. to this aim, finite element (fe) analysis is employed to simulate the loading for 8 different numerical models with different loading orien...

The etiology of degenerative disease of the TMJ may involve fatigue produced by surface tractional forces and compressive stresses. This study tested the time-dependent effects of compressive loading and stress-field translation on TMJ disc-surface tractional forces and stresses. In laboratory experiments with 50 porcine discs, an acrylic indenter imposed 10 N static loads for 10 and 60 sec, fo...