Abstract. Various manufacturing parameters involved in ‘buoyancy method’ were inter-related. An equation based on unit cell models for a relation between volume expansion ratio (VER) of bulk microspheres in aqueous starch and microsphere size was derived. A good agreement between the equation and experimental data was found. The inter-microsphere distance (MID) concept was introduced and it was...

Foam injection is becoming a standard conditioning agent when tunnelling with an earth-pressure balanced shield, resulting in an increasing interest in this technique. The technique is mostly based on empirical rules and experience. To be able to determine what foam and how may foam has to be injected for different soils, it is necessary to know the mechanical parameters of the foam-water-soil ...

Application of foam in EOR, increases macroscopic sweep efficiency via awesome increscent of mobility control. Macroscopic manifestation of foam application performance in porous media is complex process that involves several interacting microscopic foam events. Stability as an important factor in foam injection within large reservoirs, depends on several variables including oil saturation, con...

aluminum foams are a novel branch of advanced materials with superior properties. sandwich structures with aluminum foam core are good energy absorbers. in this paper, mechanical properties and energy absorption of aluminum foam sandwich panels subjected to quasi-static perforation tests with conical-nosed indenter were investigated experimentally. for this purpose sandwich panels consisting of...

in this study, modified starch was used as a fat replacer in the milk. the fat replacer was manufactured from modified starch such as pre-gelatinized and cross–linked starches. modified starches were manufactured by hydrochloric acid and citric acid treatments from potato and wheat and were added to skim milk at concentrations of 0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%. viscosity, total solid, fat content, titr...