background:   objective: present study was conducted to observe the effects of testosterone, nandrolone, and stanozolol (forms of aas) intake during onset of puberty on the rat testicular histology.   materials and methods: juvenile male sprague-dawley (sd) rats (n=42) were divided into seven groups and were injected subcutaneously with medium dose of polyethylene glycol-200 (peg-200) (control)...

background: stanozolol (st) is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid often abused by athletes. an increasing body of evidence points towards the role of st misuses in the pathogenesis of a wide range of adverse effects including reprotoxicity. objective: the aim of this study was to analyze the possible reproprotective effect of royal jelly (rj) as an efficient antioxidant in st-treated mice....

Since 1999 several groups have analyzed nutritional supplements with mass spectrometric methods (GC/MS, LC/MS/MS) for contaminations and adulterations with doping substances. These investigations showed that nutritional supplements contained prohibited stimulants as ephedrines, caffeine, methylenedioxymetamphetamie and sibutramine, which were not declared on the labels. An international study p...

Introduction: Today, anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and growth hormone are widely used in men women to increase strength muscle mass athletes. The aim of this study was evaluate the effect resistance training (R) Tribulus terrestris (TT) on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) rats exposed stanozolol (S). Methods: In experimental study, 49 male Sprague...