The adjoint of an ocean general circulation model is used as a tool for investigating the causes of changes in ENSO SST indices. We identify adjoint Kelvin and Rossby waves in the sensitivities to sea level and wind stress at earlier times, which can be traced back for more than a year through western and weak eastern boundary reeections. Depending on the thermocline depth the rst and second ba...

background: to validate the persian version of the simple shoulder test in patients with shoulder joint problems.   methods: following beaton`s guideline, translation and back translation was conducted. we reached to a consensus on the persian version of sst. to test the face validity in a pilot study, the persian sst was administered to 20 individuals with shoulder joint conditions. we enrolle...

Seattle Smart Traveler (SST) is an application of World Wide Web (WWW) technology to test the concept of automated dynamic rideshare matching. In SST, the rideshare clientele interact with the rideshare system using only WWW pages. SST collects spatial and temporal trip information using a series of WWW pages, performs a match using structured query language (SQL) specifications to a database e...

Most current seatbelt load limiter technologies could only offer three or fewer predetermined patterns of seatbelt restraint force. However, researches have shown that, to better realize adaptive protection to different occupants under different crash severities, a continuously and real-time adjustable load limiter may be one step further. This concept could be especially favorable to vulnerabl...

Let G be a multigraph of maximum degree Ll and with a set oft vertices of degree one, called terminals. We call G a (Ll, t)-network if for any pairing of its terminals there exist edge-disjoint paths in G between those pairs (tis even). The concept of (Ll, t)-networks is introduced to model the situation when switching processors having Ll ports are to be connected in such a way that simultaneo...

one of the most valuable and important application of artificial satellites in geodetic sciences is recovery of the earth's gravity field. orbits of satellites either gravimetric or nongravimetric are analyzed to improve the earth's gravity field. gravimetric satellites are launched at low altitudes to observe gravity field in more detail. grace twin satellites are the second spacecra...

The objective of this study is to understand how Living Lab(s) (LL) as a concept and research approach has developed, proliferated and influenced scholarly research to date. The goal is in assisting both the LL and Action Design Research (ADR) communities in advancing both fields by establishing understanding, commonalities and challenges in advancing both research agendas. We adopt a bibliomet...