In the present explorative experimental study, we examined the diversity of electroencephalographic (EEG) short-term spectral patterns (SPs) within a broad frequency band (1.5-30Hz) for healthy adult subjects during closed eyes and open eyes resting conditions. The types of EEG SPs were assessed by counting all identical SPs with peaks in the same frequency bins from the pools of SPs, which wer...

Quality control and validity check of the solid-phase spectrophotometric procedure (Me-SPS) for determination of heavy metals important in pharmaceutical practice: zinc (Zn-SPS), lead (Pb-SPS), and cobalt (Co-SPS) were performed using a very simple and informative prevalidation concept. Further, metrological characteristics of the Me-SPS procedure together with the diagnosis of particular preva...

BACKGROUND Standardised patients (SPs) have been widely used to assess physicians' clinical competence. However, in paediatrics, the use of children in such a way has long been questioned with regard to ethics and the examination quality (in terms of validity, reliability, and feasibility). AIMS To summarise the current state of the use of child SPs, and to highlight the difficulties inherent...

Background. Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by progressive rigidity of axial and limb muscles associated with painful spasms. SPS can be classified into classic SPS, paraneoplastic SPS, and SPS variants. Its underlying pathogenesis is probably autoimmune, as in most cases antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are observed. Similarly, para...

BACKGROUND Single prolonged stress (SPS) is a rodent model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like characteristics. Given that PTSD is frequently comorbid with substance abuse and dependence, including methamphetamine (METH), the current study sought to investigate the effects of SPS on METH-induced behavioral sensitization. METHODS In experiment 1, Sprague-Dawley rats were subject to SP...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Normal hemodynamic features of the superior petrosal sinus and their relationships to the SPS drainage from cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas are not well known. We investigated normal hemodynamic features of the SPS on cerebral angiography as well as the frequency and types of the SPS drainage from CSDAVFs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 119 patients who...

The cartilage lesion resulting from osteoarthritis (OA) always extends into subchondral bone. It is of great importance for simultaneous regeneration of two tissues of cartilage and subchondral bone. 3D-printed Sr5(PO4)2SiO4 (SPS) bioactive ceramic scaffolds may achieve the aim of regenerating both of cartilage and subchondral bone. We hypothesized that strontium (Sr) and silicon (Si) ions rele...

Studies have shown that single-prolonged stress (SPS) can induce the apoptotic process in the amygdala. In the present study, we aimed to detect expression of phosphorylated p44/42 extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK1/2) and apoptosis-related Bax and Bcl-2 and apoptotic cell death in the amygdala region in SPS rats as well as the relation between pERK1/2 and apoptosis. A total of 75 mal...

Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), a key enzyme in sucrose biosynthesis, is regulated by protein phosphorylation and shows a circadian pattern of activity in tomato. SPS is most active in its dephosphorylated state, which normally coincides with daytime. Applying okadaic acid, a potent protein phosphatase inhibitor, prevents SPS activation. More interesting is that a brief treatment with cyclohe...