Tradução inétida do texto “Voltaire et Spinoza” (1941) de Paul Hazard (1878-1944).

This paper gives an overview of Pierre Bayle’s theory of toleration and derives a normative principle of toleration from it that is meant to compete with other normative principles of toleration such as the Harm principle. INDEX WORDS: Political philosophy, Social philosophy, toleration, religion, Christianity, justice, legitimacy, stability, John Locke, Pierre Bayle, Baruch Spinoza, Harm princ...

Spinoza is one of the most important philosophers. What makes him famous his ideas about God-Universe relation and freedom. a pantheist philosopher. According to Spinoza, everything consists God, His attributes, modes. God immanent cause that exists for this reason, there necessity in all existence. Every being can only reveal its own power. However, man who under influence emotions wants reali...

Abstract This analysis of Cohen’s reception Spinoza’s thought draws attention to theoretical issues: the nature thinking and nature. In a synoptic way it refers several works, trying determine continuity discontinuity in his interpretation Spinoza, with specific focus on Ethica ordine geometrico demonstrata . Thus, seems be characterized by similar what we can find philosophical system as whole...

En la filosofía de Spinoza, libertad va unida a causalidad necesaria y ésta es una propiedad tanto Dios en cuanto naturaleza absoluta como las infinitas cosas singulares. El artículo parte esta teoría para exponer que, gracias ella, Spinoza puede defender historicidad radical los modos finitos, lo que incluye comprensión del ser causa inmanencia su interdeterminación. nos alienta entendernos, v...

More than two-thirds of the Treatise on the Emendation of the Intellect is about truth. Spinoza explains why true ideas are preferable (TIE §§18–29), how to begin forming true ideas (TIE §§30–48), and how to distinguish true ideas from other kinds of ideas (TIE §§50–90). Spinoza’s account of truth is therefore our key to the Emendation. It would thus be disheartening if Ed Curley were right tha...

Writing 300 years ago the philosopher Spinoza anticipated some of the fundamental principles of systemic therapy, notably a respect for the remorseless logic of natural systems and the value of positive connotation. In the debate about the ethics of paradoxical methods, he offers a logical, and humble, defense. Spinoza wanted to show that the universe is necessarily and logically the way it is ...

Spinoza identifies the minds or souls of finite things with God’s ideas of those things. Margaret Wilson famously suggests that this identification prevents Spinoza from giving an adequate account of the human mind: Descartes’s position on the mind-body issue is notoriously beset with difficulties. Still, [his] theory of res cogitantes does recognize and take account of certain propositions abo...

This paper presents the theoretical changes that have developed in Conceptual Dependency Theory and their ramifications in computer analysis of natural language. The major items of concern are: the elimination of reliance on 'grammar rules' for parsing with the emphasis given to conceptual rule based parsing; the development of a conceptual case system to account for the power of conceptualizat...

levels of knowledge enjoy a significant status in the minds of the majority of western and eastern thinkers; and great thinkers have engaged in detailed discussions in this area. the present research has scrutinized this issue from the viewpoints of two eminent islamic and western thinkers, mullā ṣadrā and spinoza. it claims that although these two scientists belong to different intellectual tr...