Low phosphate nutrition results in increased chlorophyll fluorescence, reduced photosynthetic rate, accumulation of starch and sucrose in leaves, and low crop yields. This study investigated physiological responses of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) leaves to low inorganic phosphate (Pi) conditions. Responses of photosynthesis to light and CO(2) were examined for leaves of soybean grown at hig...

The federal government has the goal of decreasing commercial building energy consumption and pollutant emissions by incentivizing the adoption of commercial building energy codes. Quantitative estimates of code benefits at the state level that can inform the size and allocation of these incentives are not available. We estimate the state-level climate, environmental, and health benefits (i.e., ...

The response of growth and yield of rainfed-chickpea to population density should be evaluated based on long-term experiments to include the climate variability. This is achievable just by simulation. In this simulation study, this evaluation was done by running the CYRUS model for long-term daily weather data of five locations in Iran. The tested population densities were 7 to 59 (with interva...

Continuous irradiation of Mougeotia with linearly polarized green light (550 nanometers, 0.2 watt per square meter) induces a change in the orientation of its chloroplast from profile to face position, if the electrical vector of the green light is vibrating normal to the cell axis. This change is complete within 25 minutes of the onset of irradiation. In contrast, if the electrical vector of t...

For aperture color 3 s stimuli, the four unique hues, and at times the four (equally-balanced) binary hues, were measured for: (1) adapting white color temperatures 2850, 3400, 5500, 6500 K; and (2) luminance (L) for 5 and 6 log L ranges (about 0.01-3200 cd/m2) in 3.2:1 L steps (viewed singly) for 1 subject per white, 3 log L in 10:1 steps for 6 subjects for white 6500 K, and 1 log L for 2-11 s...

Purpose To determine the differences in the retinal sensitivities obtained by microperimetry with a single cross or a circular fixation target in normal individuals. Methods Thirty-two eyes of 16 healthy volunteers (mean age 28.9±1.4 years, range 24-44 years) were studied. The retinal sensitivity of the central 0 degrees and of the mean central 2 degrees consisting of 8 points were determined...

OBJECTIVES To assess which socio-economic indicator best predicts overweight in the European Union: educational attainment, occupational class or household income. SETTING The prevalence of overweight is strongly related to socio-economic position. The relative importance of different socio-economic dimensions is uncertain, and might vary between countries. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS Cross-section...

OBJECTIVE National body fatness (BF) data for English South Asian and Black children use BMI, which provides inaccurate ethnic comparisons. BF levels and time trends in the English National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) between 2007 and 2013 were assessed by using ethnic-specific adjusted BMI (aBMI) for South Asian and Black children. METHODS Analyses were based on 3,195,323 children age...

X-ray and electron di!raction have been used to determine the surface roughness parameters of thin "lms and thus evaluate roughness e!ects on magnetic properties. For self-a$ne roughness, the demagnetizing factor is in#uenced by the roughness exponent H, and is proportional to w/m2 with w being the RMS roughness amplitude and m being the lateral correlation length. Roughness anisotropy can ampl...

In this paper, field measurements from the GSM and UMTS networks are analysed in a road traffic information context. The measurements indicate a p otentially large improvement using UMTS signalling data compared to GSM regard ing handover location accuracy. These improvements can be used to generate real-time traffic information with higher quality and extend the geographic usage area for cellu...