Extrasomatic (ES-) spikes were recorded in motoneurons in cats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and immobilized with d-tubocurarine. ES-spikes, 40-79 mV in amplitude, were distinguished from intrasomatic spikes by their differences in responses to a train of 8 pulses at 500 Hz given to the L 7 or S 1 ventral root. In 23 motoneurons 3-6 different spikes could be recorded from the same site...

Rabies has no known beginning in Morocco and to date, government control efforts and plans fail to eradicate the disease. A review and analysis of available epidemiological data are crucial to learn lessons from the past and to propose effective actions. Legally, animal rabies is a notifiable disease since 1913 and legislation has been updated periodically since. Dogs have always been considere...

Cerebellum-like structures process peripheral sensory information in combination with parallel fiber inputs that convey information about sensory and motor contexts. Activity-dependent changes in the strength of parallel fiber synapses act as an adaptive filter, removing predictable features of the sensory input. In the electrosensory lobe (ELL) of mormyrid fish, a main cellular site for this a...