This article discusses a set of solutions for creating city electric car with low-voltage power supply system DC motor. Based on constructed vehicle low voltage drive system, simulation model was prepared and verified. An energy flow analysis performed, the developed described. Then, optimization method focused minimizing consumption in driving cycles under consideration. To mirror actual road ...

in this paper, convection heat transfer of al2o3-water nanofluid turbulent flow through internally ribbed tubes with different rib shapes (rectangular, trapezoidal and semi-circular) is numerically investigated. for each rib shape, the optimum geometric ratio and volume fraction were calculated using entropy generation minimization technique. the governing equations in steady state and axisymme...

We present the procedure for designing a high speed and low power all-optical analog to digital converter (AO-ADC), by integrating InGaAsP semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) with InP based photonic crystal (PhC) drop filters. The self-phase modulation in the SOA can shift the frequency of the Gaussian input pulse. The two output PhC based drop filters are designed to appropriately code the f...

In the thermal spraying process, the process for the molten metal particles to hit against matrix to form coating experiences great change temperature. Since the coating materials has different thermal physical properties with the matrix materials, the residual stress is surely left in the coating. Much bigger residual stress not only restricts coating thickness but also primarily affects coati...

The droplet size distribution in the column is usually represented as the average volume to surface area, known as the Sauter mean drop diameter. It is a key variable in the extraction column design. A study of the drop size distribution and Sauter-mean drop diameter for a liquid-liquid extraction column has been presented for a range of operating conditions and three different liquid-liquid sy...

The Frank-Wolfe (FW) algorithm has been widely used in solving nuclear norm constrained problems, since it does not require projections. However, FW often yields high rank intermediate iterates, which can be very expensive in time and space costs for large problems. To address this issue, we propose a rank-drop method for nuclear norm constrained problems. The goal is to generate descent steps ...

The primary objectives of this study were to use variable speed limits (VSL) upstream freeway lane drop maintain capacity and reduce congestion. As driving behaviours are the main reasons leading microscopic simulation can reflect precisely, simulations first used test scenarios. objective function constraints determined according traffic engineering practice optimised using a modified genetic ...

<p>In this work Rain Drop Optimization (RDO) Algorithm is projected to reduce power loss. Proceedings of drop have been imitated model the RDO algorithm. Natural action rain flowing downwardsform peak and it may form small streams during headway from mountain or hill. As by gravitation principle raindrop flow as stream then river mountains hill reach sea global optimum. Proposed evaluated...