Nitrogen (N) management is critical in optimizing potato yield and quality and reducing environmental pollution. Six N rates from 34 to 270 kg ha , and different timing of N application were used in a 3-year field experiment to contrast SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter and QuickBird satellite imagery data against the conventional petiole sampling technique for assessing canopy N status. Overall treat...

This paper reports on the first implementation of a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) in standard silicon on insulator (SOI) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The SPAD is realized in a circular shape, and it is based on a P(+)/N-well junction along with a P-well guard-ring structure formed by lateral diffusion of two closely spaced N-well regions. The SPAD electric-f...

Different surface organelles contribute to specific interactions of a pathogen with host tissues or infectious partners. Multiple pilus gene clusters potentially encoding different surface structures have been identified in several gram-positive bacterial genomes sequenced to date, including actinomycetales, clostridia, corynebacteria, and streptococci. Corynebacterium diphtheriae has been show...

A single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) with enhanced near-infrared (NIR) sensitivity has been developed, based on 0.18 μm CMOS technology, for use in future automotive light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems. The newly proposed SPAD operating in Geiger mode achieves a high NIR photon detection efficiency (PDE) without compromising the fill factor (FF) and a low breakdown voltage of approxim...

Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is a promising photosensor because of its high sensitivity to optical signals in weak illuminance environment. Recently, it has drawn much attention from researchers in visible light communications (VLC). However, existing literature only deals with the simplified channel model, which only considers the effects of Poisson noise introduced by SPAD, but neglec...

BACKGROUND Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) analysis of peptides is helpful for designing various types of drugs such as kinase inhibitor or antigen. Capturing various properties of peptides is essential for analyzing two-dimensional QSAR. A descriptor of peptides is an important element for capturing properties. The atom pair holographic (APH) code is designed for the descr...

O clorofilômetro (SPAD-502) é amplamente utilizado para estimar teores de clorofila, mas a falta de uniformidade na distribuição dos cloroplastos pode afetar sua precisão. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o efeito da fluência de fótons (F = irradiância x tempo de iluminação) em folhas com teores diferentes de clorofila e determinar o efeito da relação clorofila a/b nos valores do SPAD em...

In their article in Critical Care, Sponholz et al. [1] compared two devices: the molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) and single pass albumin dialysis (SPAD). As Sponholz et al. claim, SPAD is not an effective method for achieving a significant decrease in the concentration of bile acids, creatinine or urea, because a single SPAD procedure induces a 7.62 % (median) reduction in the l...

Rhizobium is a bacterial culture that enhances the speed of biological nitrogen fixation in association with root nodules pulse crops while boron act as catalyst for cell division hence size and sugar translocation plant. An experiment was conducted by considering rhizobium seed inoculant soil applicant two peas (Pisum sativum L.) varieties Arkel Azad Pea-3 to know morphological alterations pla...

The screening of 114 groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes (61 advanced breeding lines and 53 releasedcultivars) was undertaken in the plots to identify iron-efficient tolerant lime-induced ironchlorosis.The crop grown intensity chlorosis top five leaves rated for visual chlorotic rating(VCR) score on a 1-5 scale percentage plants showing deficiency symptoms at 10, 20, 30 65 daysafter emerg...