In contrast to a transition system specification in process algebra, a structural operational semantics (SOS) of a programming language usually involves auxiliary entities: stores, environments, etc. When specifying SOS rules, particular auxiliary entities often need to be propagated unchanged between premises and conclusions. The standard technique is to make such propagation explicit, using v...

Sucrose octasulfate (SOS) is believed to stimulate fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling by binding and stabilizing FGFs. In this report, we show that SOS induces FGF-dependent dimerization of FGF receptors (FGFRs). The crystal structure of the dimeric FGF2-FGFR1-SOS complex at 2.6-A resolution reveals a symmetric assemblage of two 1:1:1 FGF2-FGFR1-SOS ternary complexes. Within each ternary ...

One of the key issues facing architects of systems of systems (SOS) is the emergent nature of the context of the SOS. In the spirit of Herbert Simon, context here means all the stakeholders, objects, processes and other external effects that create the environment for goal attainment of a system. As SOS are systems, they too have contexts. Understanding the relationship between the contexts of ...

INTRODUCTION............................................................ 61 PROCESSING OF DAMAGED DNA ............................................................ 61 SOS REGULATORY NETWORK ............................................................. 61 Present Model for SOS Regulation ............................................................ 62 SOS Responses ...................................

The concept of veno-occlusive disease (VOD), along with our understanding of it, has historically been and remains an evolving phenomenon. This review presents a broad view of VOD, also known as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), including (1) traditional hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated VOD/SOS, (2) late-onset VOD/SOS, (3) pulmonary VOD, and (4) VOD/SOS associated with chemoth...

Insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulate a rapid but transient increase in the amount of GTP bound to Ras that returns to the basal GDP-bound state within 10-30 min. Although insulin stimulation resulted in a dissociation of the Grb2.SOS complex, EGF did not affect the Grb2.SOS complex but instead induced dissociation of Grb2-SOS from tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc. The dissociation of ...

Systems-of-Systems (SoS) are formed by independent systems termed as constituents. SoS exhibit dynamic properties called emergent behaviors, which are a global functionality that appears as a result of the interoperability among constituents. However, software architecture descriptions of SoS are often static. In turn, dynamic models such as simulation models (also adopted to specify SoS) do no...

BACKGROUND Repairing DNA damage begins with its detection and is often followed by elicitation of a cellular response. In E. coli, RecA polymerizes on ssDNA produced after DNA damage and induces the SOS Response. The RecA-DNA filament is an allosteric effector of LexA auto-proteolysis. LexA is the repressor of the SOS Response. Not all RecA-DNA filaments, however, lead to an SOS Response. Certa...

Exhaustive formal verification for systems of systems (SoS) is impractical and cannot be applied on a large scale. In this paper we propose to use statistical model checking for efficient verification of SoS. We address three relevant aspects for systems of systems: 1) the model of the SoS, which includes stochastic aspects; 2) the formalization of the SoS requirements in the form of contracts;...