A comprehensive model has been developed for calculating the viscosity of aqueous or mixed-solvent electrolyte systems ranging from dilute solutions to fused salts. The model incorporates a mixing rule for calculating the viscosity of solvent mixtures and a method for predicting the effect of finite electrolyte concentrations. The mixing rule represents the viscosity of multi-component solvent ...

Thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering results on thermal diffusion of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in ethanol/water mixtures are presented. In water-rich solvent mixtures, PEO is found to migrate towards regions of lower temperature. This is typical for polymer solutions and corresponds to a positive Soret coefficient of PEO. In solvent mixtures with low water content, however, the polymer...

A practical potentiometric method was applied successfully to experimental electrochemical data in order to determine the autoprotolysis constants (pKap) of water + dimethyl sulfoxide mixtures containing 0-90 % of DMSO by volume at 25° C and 0.1 M ionic strength was maintained in each mixture by NaClO4 solution. The results indicated that water-DMSO mixtures are more basic media than pure water...

A comprehensive model has been developed for calculating the surface tension of aqueous, nonaqueous, and mixedsolvent electrolyte systems ranging from dilute solutions to fused salts. Themodel consists of a correlation for computing the surface tension of solvent mixtures and an expression for the effect of electrolyte concentration. The dependence of surface tension on electrolyte concentratio...

The solvatochromic characteristics of flavone and 7-hydroxyflavone were investigated in neat and binary solvent mixtures. The spectral shifts of these solutes were correlated with the Kamlet and Taft parameters (α, β and π*) using linear solvation energy relationships. The multiparametric analysis indicates that both specific hydrogen bond donor ability and non-specific dipolar interactions of ...

the extended hildebrand solubility parameter approach (ehsa) is used to estimate the solubility of satranidazole in binary solvent systems. the solubility of satranidazole in various water-peg 400 mixtures was analyzed in terms of solute-solvent interactions using a modified version of hildebrand-scatchard treatment for regular solutions. the solubility equation employs term interaction energy ...

The dynamics and conformational landscape of proteins in organic solvents are events of potential interest in nonaqueous process catalysis. Conformational changes, folding transitions, and stability often correspond to structural rearrangements that alter contacts between solvent molecules and amino acid residues. However, in nonaqueous enzymology, organic solvents limit stability and further a...

This paper presents a systematic integrated framework for solvent selection and solvent design. The framework is divided into several modules, which can tackle specific problems in various solvent-based applications. In particular, three modules corresponding to the following solvent selection problems are presented: 1) solvent selection and design for organic synthesis, 2) solvent screening an...