Comparing a solution phase route to a solid phase route in the synthesis of the cytotoxic natural product urukthapelstatin A (Ustat A) confirmed that a solid phase method is superior. The solution phase approach was tedious and involved cyclization of a ridged heterocyclic precursor, while solid phase allowed the rapid generation of a flexible linear peptide. Cyclization of the linear peptide w...

This paper studies the optimal placement of web files for en-route web caching. It is shown that existing placement policies are all solving restricted partial problems of the file placement problem, and therefore give only sub-optimal solutions. A dynamic programming algorithm of low complexity which computes the optimal solution is presented. It is shown both analytically and experimentally t...

In the present study, the capability of accumulative roll bonding (ARB) and subsequent heat-treatment to fabricate solid solution from a multilayered Cu/Zn/Al was investigated. Two post-heat treatment (one-step and two-step) routes were proposed. In the first, the ARB processed material was heated to 800 C for 5:30 hours and allowed to cool slowly in a furnace (one-step route). In the second (t...

The passenger line planning is a process of strategic long-term decision-making problem in the field of railway passenger planning. A line is a route between starting point and destination with certain stops, which has a certain frequency of train schedule. A new solution based on decomposition algorithm has been proposed in this paper, which is defined in a master problem and two sub problems....

The paper puts forward an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fixed-point reconnaissance route planning method. The method introduces the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) method to the planning of UAV reconnaissance route and adds the objective value, effective reconnaissance route and other factors affecting UAV reconnaissance route in the objective function of particle swam to obtain the...

In this work, modification of carbon paste electrode surface with poly (2, 5-Dimethyl aniline) (P-2,5-DMA) by using electrochemical polymerization was described. Then, transition metal ions of Ni(II) were incorporated into the polymer film by two ways. At first way, the polymeric modified electrode was immersed in 0.2 M NiSO4 solutions and the second way was carried out by electrodeposition of ...

in the present study, the capability of accumulative roll bonding (arb) and subsequent heat-treatment to fabricate solid solution from a multilayered cu/zn/al was investigated. two post-heat treatment (one-step and two-step) routes were proposed. in the first, the arb processed material was heated to 800 c for 5:30 hours and allowed to cool slowly in a furnace (one-step route). in the second (t...

An intelligent agent or problem solver is expected to solve a problem correctly and efficiently, communicate the solution and also explain the reasoning behind the solution. Several problem solving paradigms are available, each having its own advantages. Model based planners are very robust but at increased computational cost while case based methods are often more efficient. In this paper we e...

The objective often explored in Web-based route planners is to find an optimal route in a network for a given mode of transport. Usually this involves searching for the cheapest route corresponding to some cost function. For many types of trips, not all desired route properties can be satisfied in this way. Following is a proposed solution for planning hiking trips. The method can easily be tra...

A solution to the shortest path problem in Martinez de la Torre, a city in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, is presented. Dijkstra’s algorithm was applied to find the shortest route and additional parameter that is used to choose the optimal route was also added. The shortest path problem is a specific case of optimization problems and can be addressed using graph theory. From a computational poi...