Studies of the partitioning of hydrophobic solutes between water and nonpolar solvents provide estimates for the energy cost of creating hydrophobic-water contacts. This energy is a factor of three lower than the work of adhesion derived from interfacial tension measurements. This discrepancy noted by Tanford in 1979 is widely viewed as a serious challenge to our understanding of hydrophobic in...

A 3-D model of freckle (solute channel) formation at a microstructural level was coupled with in situ X-ray radiography to investigate the mechanisms of freckle initiation and growth. The model predictions for solute partitioning, diffusion and convection were validated via in situ X-ray radiographic measurements in Ga–25 wt.% In alloy, showing good agreement. Other key features, such as freckl...

A study was conducted on the effect of two different biological factors, microbial surfactants and biodegradation, on the kinetics of partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs). The effect of rhamnolipid biosurfactants on partitioning into the aqueous phase of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, initially dissolved in di-2-ethylhex...

solute transport processes are affected by soil pore water velocity distribution. pore size distribution, which can be used to infer pore water velocity distribution, can be estimated from a soil water retention curve (n). in this study, a solute breakthrough curve was simulated using soil hydraulic parameters in four different soils. to evaluate the proposed model, predictions were compared to...

The partitioning of the n-alkyl-p-aminobenzoates into the lipid bilayer is dependent not only on their physicochemical properties, but also on temperature and bilayer composition. Partitioning studies with this homologous series demonstrate the effect of alkyl chain length on partitioning in pure DPPC liposomes at 23 and 50°C and in DPPC : Chol liposomes at 23°C. A general trend is observed whe...

Data truncation is a practical necessity of laboratory column experiments because of both time and detection-limit constraints. In this paper, we study the extent to which data truncation can a€ect estimates of transport modeling parameters, as derived from temporal moment calculations and in the context of solute transport experiments that are in ̄uenced by sorption and nonequilibrium partition...

The impact of solute-solute interactions on retention and membrane adsorption of the micropollutant estrone was determined in the presence of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), natural organic matter (NOM) and cellulose. A five cycle stirred cell protocol was used to study progressing saturation of a loose nanofiltration membrane with estrone. Adsorption was absent at high pH when the es...

−Singleand bi-solute sorption and desorption of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5TCP) in montmorillonite modified with hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium (HDTMA) were investigated by sequential sorption and desorption. Effect of pH on the sequential sorption and desorption was investigated. As expected by the magnitude of octanol : water partition coefficient (K ow ), both sorptio...