1 + 0.5w (1 -s)" where -1 is the relative viscosity, i.e., the ratio of the absolute viscosity of the suspension to that of the pure solvent. The symbol (p stands for the volume fraction occupied by the dispersed substance or solute expressed either in percentage or in cubic centimeters (cc.) per 100 cc. of solution. Hence, sp divided by the weight of the solute per 100 cc. of solution represen...

The dielectric relaxation time (τ ) of binary mixtures of different molar concentrations of pyridine (C5H5N) and N, Ndimethylacetamide (DMA) in benzene solution has been calculated by using standard microwave techniques and Gopala Krishna's [Trans Farad Soc, 33 (1957) 767.] single frequency (9.875 GHz) concentration variational method at different temperatures (25, 30, 35 and 40°C). It is found...

Surface area of root (m-2) Concentration of solutes (osmolal) Average solute concentration between inside and outside of root Diameter Diffusion coefficient (m2 s-l) Mass flow of solution (kg s-l) Classical root hydraulic conductance (kg s-I MPa-l) Mass flux density or Fm per unit root surface area (kg s-I m-2) Solute flux density (mol s-I m-2) Thermodynamic root hydraulic conductance (kg s-I M...

The concentration of solute undergoing advection and local dispersion in a random hydraulic conductivity field is analyzed to quantify its variability and dilution. Detailed numerical evaluations of the concentration variance sc 2 are compared to an approximate analytical description, which is based on a characteristic variance residence time (VRT), over which local dispersion destroys concentr...

Our previous description of solute drag on a synthetic membrane has been extended to include the solutes mannitol, sucrose, raffinose, inulin, and dextran. Labeled and nonlabeled forms of these solutes were used in pairs to quantitate solute flux interaction. Three membranes with pore sizes of 350, 80, and 20 A, respectively, have been utilized. It is shown that solute flux interaction occurs w...

Our previous studies on solute drag on frog skin and synthetic heteropore membranes have been extended to a synthetic homopore membrane. The 150-A radius pores of this membrane are formed by irradiation and etching of polycarbonate films. The membrane is 6-microm thick and it has 6 x 10(8) pores cm(-2). In this study, sucrose has been used as the driver solute with bulk flow blocked by hydrosta...

Diffusiophoresis, the motion of a particle in response to an externally imposed concentration gradient of a solute species, is analysed from both the traditional coarse-grained macroscopic (i.e. continuum) perspective and from a fine-grained micromechanical level in which the particle and the solute are treated on the same footing as Brownian particles dispersed in a solvent. It is shown that a...

The energetic properties of ternary Zr–Nb–Sn Zirconium-based alloy with concentration dissolved alloying elements ∼ 1 . 5 % are studied by using density functional theory. possibility additions separated different distances to dissolve/segregate in a host matrix is analyzed the help mixing energy and solute–solute binding energy. ability solutes trap single vacancy discussed studying formation ...