Measurements of ablation rate have traditionally been carried out only at normal incidence. However, in real-world applications ablation is often carried out at oblique angles, and it is useful to have prior knowledge of the ablation rate in this case. Detailed information about the angular dependence is also important for the development of ablation simulation tools, and can provide additional...

Nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO2) in its anatase form is the most frequently studied and as well as used photocatalyst. There are several syntheses procedures which enable to achieve photocatalytic TiO2. The solgel method utilizing titanium alkoxides is used most often. Alternative precursors such as titanium tetrachloride and titanyl sulphate are also frequently employed. Nowadays the environm...

A silica/electro-optic (EO) polymer phase modulator is proposed for millimeter-wave (MMW) radiation receiver with the use of a bowtie antenna. Waveguide design optimization is presented for a waveguide with an EO polymer core and silica/solgel cladding. Electrode effects on the insertion loss and poling efficiency are also analyzed and conditions for low-loss and high poling efficiency establis...

Focused laser ablation by single laser pulses at varying angles of incidence is studied in two materials of interest: a solgel ~Ormocer 4! and a polymer ~SU8!. For a range of angles ~up to 70° from normal!, and for low-energy ~,20 mJ!, 40 ns pulses at 266 nm wavelength, the ablation depth along the direction of the incident laser beam is found to be independent of the angle of incidence. This a...

The photostability of dye molecules trapped in transparent solid matrices synthesized by the solgel technique was studied both experimentally and theoretically using a model with numerical and approximate analytical solutions. The model is based on a one-photon photodestruction process with the creation of an absorbing bleached molecule. We give the number of photons that different trapped dye ...

Nanomaterials have achieved remarkable technological advances in bulk materials due to their excellent physical, chemical and biological properties. cerium oxide (CeO2) nanostructured doped with Fe ions is attractive due to improvement in redox properties, transport property and surface-to-volume ratio. In this research, Fe-doped CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by s...