BACKGROUND The main source of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the sun, affecting organs such as the skin, eyes, and immune system. According to American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH) reports, the amount of UVR reaching the Earth's surface is increasing yearly and is responsible for an increase in solar radiation-related diseases. AIMS To investigate the amount of UVR ...

Abstract Solar radiation varies quantitatively and qualitatively while penetrating through the seawater column thus is one of most important environmental factors shaping vertical distribution pattern phytoplankton. The haploid diploid life-cycle phases coccolithophores might have different preferences. Therefore, two respond differently to high solar photosynthetically active (PAR, 400–700 nm)...

Ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to have direct negative effects on aquatic bacteria at the molecular level, damaging DNA, and at the level of community metabolism, but little is known about the effects of UVR at the cellular level. In order to study the direct and indirect effects of UVR on bacterioplankton, we developed a staining protocol based on the exclusion nucleic acid stain...

Extensive exposure to solar UVR is a well-recognized etiologic factor for cutaneous non-melanoma skin cancer. In this issue of the Journal, Singh et al. show that topical treatment of the skin with 17-[allylamino]-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG), a heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor, prevents UVR-induced squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in mice. The inhibitory effect of 17AAG on SCC was as...

A clinical epidemiological study has been conducted as apart of research project investigating chronic exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) as a factor contributing to the onset of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). The study included 623 subjects older than 50 from two different geographic areas, one with high solar radiation (the island of Solta - Region 1) and the other (Zagre...

OBJECTIVES Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is an occupational health and safety issue for outdoor workers since excessive exposure is associated with negative health outcomes, including eye conditions and skin cancers. The objective of this research was to describe the pattern of UVR exposure experienced by outdoor workers from selected occupations in New Zealand in order to ident...

Using micro-UV-irradiation versus whole-dorsal irradiation for induc ing cutaneous carcinomas in Skh:HRI mice and an assay for UV radiation (UVR)-induced systemic tumor immunosuppression, the dependence upon systemic immunosuppression for the growth of UVR-induced car cinomas was examined. Squamous cell carcinomas were produced by repeated microirradiation of 0.8-cm2 middorsal skin with xenon a...

Hatching success was examined under exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) using filters to give three different light conditions [C1: UV-B, UV-A and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), C2: UV-A and PAR, C3: PAR] in red Pagrus major and black Acanthopagrus schlegeli sea bream. Hatching rate of both species was reduced by an exposure over a 2 day period to UVR and was not significa...

[1] Satellite remote sensing of both surface solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and chlorophyll over two decades shows that biologically significant ultraviolet radiation increases began to occur over the Southern Ocean three years before the ozone ‘‘hole’’ was discovered. Beginning in October 1983, the most frequent occurrences of enhanced UVR over phytoplankton-rich waters occurred in the Wedd...

The solar spectral UVR irradiances in tree shade and sunlight have been measured in a sub-tropical southern hemisphere summer. The spectral data allowed the UVB and UVA irradiances and the biologically effective irradiances to be calculated for different harmful biological processes to human skin and eyes. The average of the ratio of the UVA to UVB irradiances was lower by 26% in the shade comp...