Introduction: Chondrules are free from trapped noble gases [e.g., 1], which is attributed to complete degassing during the chondrule formation. However, Okazaki et al. [2] discovered the Ar-rich trapped noble gases in enstatite chondrite chondrules. The Ar-rich gases were formed via incomplete degassing (He and Ne depletion) of implanted solar gases during the chondrule formation [2]. Since sol...

Over the last two decades, using simple radiation models has been an interesting task to estimate daily solar radiation in arid and semiarid deserts such as those in Iran, where the number of solar observation sites is poor. In Iran, most of the models used so far, have been validated for a few specific locations based on short-term solar observations. In this work, three different radiation mo...

Frank Forcella USDA-ARS North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, 803 Iowa Avenue, Morris, MN 56267 Two major properties that determine weed seed germination are soil temperature and moisture content. Incident radiation is the primary variable controlling energy input to the soil system and thereby influences both moisture and temperature profiles. However, many agricultural field si...

The Urine Diverting Dehydration Toilet (UDDT) is one of a wide range of technologies Ecological Sanitation (Ecosan) offers. A commonly used type is the so called solar UDDT, constructed with inclined vault doors or panels which are usually made from black iron sheets to increase the temperature inside the vaults and therefore would facilitate dehydration and hygienisation. The study aims to giv...

Many workers perform their daily activities outdoors undertaking different postures and many anatomical body sites are UVR exposed. This paper aims to compare the anatomical distribution of the solar erythemal UVR to the higher half of the body for farm workers during their usual working activity in agriculture. This research was carried out in the experimental farm“Azienda Agraria Didattico-Sp...

Although the record efficiencies of perovskite hybrid solar cells are gradually reaching the efficiency of crystalline Si solar cells, perovskite hybrid solar cells often exhibit significant current density–voltage (J–V ) hysteresis with respect to the forward and reverse scan direction and scan rate. The origin of the J–V hysteresis of perovskite hybrid solar cells has not, to date, been clear...

Measurements of the Sun semidiameter made with the Danjon astrolabe at Santiago, Chile, and with the magnetograph of the solar telescope of Mount Wilson Observatory during the period 1990-1995, show similar variations in time and with a similar trend as the variation of sunspot number. The consistency of these results obtained at different sites and with rather different observing techniques co...