Soil fertilizer management is important to adjust the soil fertility by supplying fertilizers at optimum level to achieve maximum yield at minimum environmental risks. Precision agriculture demands to develop better cost and time efficient methodologies for analysis of soil properties. Besides conventional techniques, sometimes spectroscopy is more accurate, fast, non-destructive and inexpensiv...

Soil organic carbon is a key soil property related to soil fertility, aggregate stability and the exchange of CO2 with the atmosphere. Existing soil maps and inventories can rarely be used to monitor the state and evolution in soil organic carbon content due to their poor spatial resolution, lack of consistency and high updating costs. Visible and Near Infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy ...

Soil salinity undergoes significant spatial and temporal variations; therefore, salinity mapping is difficult, expensive, and time consuming. However, researchers have mainly focused on arid soils (bare) and less attention has been paid to halophyte plants and their role as salinity indicators. Accordingly, this paper aimed to investigate the relationship between soil properties, such as electr...

Introduction: Accurate models of the lunar thermal and illumination environment require a realistic treatment of scattered radiation at high incidence and emission angles. It has long been appreciated that the bidirectional reflectance of lunar soil is anisotropic [1], yet most lunar thermal models still assume that scattered radiation is isotropic. We recently measured the bidirectional reflec...

The need for anisotropic soil reflectance in canopy reflectance modeling is assessed for different sampling and canopy conditions. Based on the results for grasslands, a soil model is inverted with ground-based radiometer data from the First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Field Experiment (FIFE). A general solution applicable over different spectral bands, sol...

Influences of soil line variations on two-band vegetation indices (VIs) and their vegetation isolines in red and near-infrared (NIR) reflectance space are investigated based on recently derived relationships between the relative variations of VIs with variations of the soil line parameters in the accompanying paper by Yoshioka et al. [1]. The soil line influences are first demonstrated numerica...

This study determined some spectral characteristics and relationship between Landsat spectral reflectance and soil surface color in the arid region of Iran (Kashan). The study carried out in the kashan area that covers 90000 ha. Consisting of mountain, hills and flood plain. Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data collected on July 2002 were used for this research. The color composite images produ...

The presence of plant litter on the soil surface influINTRODUCTION ences the flow of nutrients, carbon, water, and energy in Ecological Importance of Litter terrestrial ecosystems. Quantifying plant litter cover is Litter is senescent (or dead) plant material that gradually important for interpreting vegetated landscapes and for decomposes into soil. It is difficult to classify litter beevaluat...

Soil reflectance spectroscopy is a well-known technique to assess soil properties rapidly and quantitatively in both point (spectroscopy) and spatial (imaging spectroscopy (IS)) domains. The quantitative approach has been developed in the past two decades by many researchers, with much literature on the topic. Basically, this approach was adopted from other disciplines (e.g. food, textiles), wh...