Restructuring and reorienting socialist economies is an integral but also deeply problematic aspect of their post-socialist transformation. 1 The full range of problems involved here emerges most clearly when one recognizes at the outset that economic activities themselves are always socially embedded and socially regulated and that they are also overdetermined by various geo-political, socio-c...

This article re-considers the applicability of the concept of prestige by focusing on a post-socialist context as the site of particularly rapid social change and renegotiation of social relationships. I argue against the assumption that the biomedical profession in post-socialist societies is not prestigious. My ethnographic data suggest that the search for the economic capital reflects not on...

We present a solution to the Tiercé problem, in which two players want to know whether they have backed the same combination (but neither player wants to disclose its combination to the other one). The problem is also known as the socialist millionaires’ problem, in which two millionaires want to know whether they happen to be equally rich. In our solution, both players will be convinced of the...

Since the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 and the launch of market reforms under Deng Xiaoping’s leadership in 1978, China has undergone dramatic changes that have affected the lives of Chinese citizens in multiple ways. With the step-by-step dismantling of China’s system of centrally planned socialism and other reforms, growth rates have accelerated, producing rising living standards, reduced pove...

The evolution of studies of political parties of constitution: The first and second periods show that the evolution of parties indicates that researchers' attitude to political pheno-mena also coincide with the evolution of political realities has been transformed, and the consideration of ideologies in the analysis of the parties have replaced with religious perspectives and anti-authoritarian...

This book was written during the late 1980s and first published in English in 1993 under the title Towards a New Socialism. It is marked by the conjuncture in which it was written, the Gorbachev period. The Soviet system still existed but was clearly in crisis. Reforms introduced by advocates of market socialism were already begining to disrupt the economy and giving political encouragement to ...

The literature on candidate selection has focussed extensively the degree of inclusiveness and decentralization selectorate, as part debate intra-party democracy. However, much less attention been paid to openness candidacies, or criteria within parties. Yet parties have a lot leeway in how they design internally. Which guidelines do follow when making crucial choice which candidates select for...

“There is to be a parade and mass meeting of the Socialist Labor Party tonight. The leaders are opposed to the expression of pro-Spanish sentiments, and say so. But here a difficulty comes in. Socialists are opposed to the theory of nationality and national sentiment. They do not believe that you should fight for your country, because the nation is not a unit recognized by them. A Socialist of ...

Before discussing the reasons for the failure of the New Left, we must address two questions: first, who and what this New Left is, and second, whether it has in fact failed. To begin, some comments on the first question. The New Left consists of political groups that are situated to the left of the traditional communist parties; they do not yet possess any new organizational forms, are without...

social rights is set of rights and supports that through which the welfare, prosperity and welfare to peak and lack of well-being reaches a minimum.. whereas in western systems, pro-government social rights new born and emerged dice the model socialist state& with the aim of deter the masses from resorting to socialist revolution, islam from the very early formation of their, been noted importa...