Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum is an uncommon entity that usually occurs in elderly patients. We report a patient who presented with atrial fibrillation, congestive cardiac failure and a large intracavitary mass in the right atrium on echocardiography. He underwent successful resection of the mass with septal reconstruction. Pathology was consistent with lipomatous hypertrophy...

Objectives: To review the literature on the toxicity of Callilepis laureola, and to assess the cytotoxicity of C. laureola in human hepatoblastoma Hep G2 cells in vitro. Design and methods: Cells were incubated for up to 48 h in the presence of increasing concentrations of an aqueous extract of C. laureola (0.3–13.3 mg/mL). Cytotoxicity was quantitated spectrophotometrically by the metabolism o...

The Lhx3 LIM homeodomain transcription factor is critical for pituitary gland formation and speci®cation of the anterior pituitary hormone-secreting cell types. Two mutations in LHX3, a missense mutation changing a tyrosine to a cysteine and an intragenic deletion that results in a truncated protein lacking the DNA-binding homeodomain, have been identi®ed in humans. These mutations were identi®...

We model cost-effectiveness of control strategies for reducing SO2 emissions from U.S. foreign commerce ships traveling in existing European or hypothetical U.S. West Coast SO(x) Emission Control Areas (SECAs) under international maritime regulations. Variation among marginal costs of control for individual ships choosing between fuel-switching and aftertreatment reveals cost-saving potential o...

A series of aggressive measures was launched by the Chinese government to reduce pollutant emissions from Beijing and surrounding areas during the Olympic Games. Observations at Miyun, a rural site 100 km downwind of the Beijing urban center, show significant decreases in concentrations of O3, CO, NOy, and SO2 during August 2008, relative to August 2006–2007. The mean daytime mixing ratio of O3...

BACKGROUND Pooled estimates of air pollution health effects are important drivers of environmental risk communications and political willingness. In China, there is a lack of review studies to provide such estimates for health impact assessments. METHODS We systematically searched the MEDLINE database using keywords of 80 major Chinese cities in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan on 30 June...

The simplest mixing problem corresponds to the mixing of a fluid with itself; this case provides a foundation on which the subject rests. The objective here is to study mixing independently of the mechanisms used to create the motion and review elements of theory focusing mostly on mathematical foundations and minimal models. The flows under consideration will be of two types: two-dimensional (...

van der Waals cluster (SO2)n is investigated by using single photon ionization of a 26.5 eV soft x-ray laser. During the ionization process, neutral clusters suffer a small fragmentation because almost all energy is taken away by the photoelectron and a small part of the photon energy is deposited into the (SO2)n cluster. The distribution of (SO2)n clusters decreases roughly exponentially with ...

Multi-layered mechanisms of virus host interaction exist for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which have been typically manifested at the microRNA level. Our previous study suggested that miRNA-939 (miR-939) may play a potential role in regulating HBV replication. Here we further investigated the mechanism by which miR-939 regulates HBV life cycle. We found that miR-939 inhibited the ...

The importance of cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) and its control of biofilm matrix assembly and production has been a focal point of researchers in recent history. In this issue, Cooley et al. (Cooley RB, Smith TJ, Leung W, Tierney V, Borlee BR, O'Toole GA, Sondermann H, J Bacteriol 198:66-77, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00369-15) demonstrate that two c-di-GMP controlled features of Pseudomonas aeru...