STUDY OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between multiple indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) over the life course and three stages of cigarette use: initiation, regular use, and cessation. DESIGN Prospective birth cohort study. SETTING Providence, Rhode Island. PARTICIPANTS Subjects (n=657) aged 30 to 39 were offspring of participants in the Brown University cohort of the Unit...

Background: The transtheoretical model (TTM) is used as a framework to implement smoking cessation programs. This model has some subscales based on which the smoking temptation scale is proposed as stages movement factor. This study aimed to translate and validate the temptation subscales of the TTM questionnaire in the Iranian population. Methods...

The purpose of this study was to examine social factors that predicted adolescent smoking transition from nonsmoking or experimental smoking to more advanced stages of smoking behavior during a three-year span. A national cohort sample of adolescents (N=7,960) who participated in the 1989 and 1993 Teenage Attitudes and Practices Survey (TAPS I and TAPS II, respectively) was used for this study....

Cigarette smoking has been associated with a high prevalence of sleep-related complaints. However, its effects on sleep architecture have not been fully examined. The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on sleep architecture. Polysomnography was used to characterize sleep architecture among 6,400 participants of the Sleep Heart Health Study (Uni...

INTRODUCTION Theories of nicotine addiction emphasize the initial role of positive reinforcement in the development of regular smoking behavior, and the role of negative reinforcement at later stages. These theories are tested here by examining the effects of amount smoked per smoking event on smoking-related mood changes, and how nicotine dependence (ND) moderates this effect. The current stud...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The prevalence of the risk factors for atherosclerosis, other than diabetes mellitus, among type 2 diabetic patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) determined by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was investigated. METHODS The prevalence of ten risk factors (age ≥65 years, history of smoking, male gender, obesity, albuminuria, hypertension, hypercholestero...

BACKGROUND The cardiovascular risk in renal transplant patients is increased in patients who continue to smoke after transplantation. The aim of the study is to measure the effectiveness of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) measurement plus brief advisory sessions, in comparison to brief advice, to reduce smoking exposure and smoking behavior in kidney transplant recipients who smoke. The effectiven...

This study examined the ability of two specific measures of stressors associated with smoking cessation to act as predictors of progress through the stages of smoking cessation as described by Prochaska and DiClemente (1983). Specifically, a 19-item scale measuring barriers to smoking cessation and a 14-item scale measuring smoking cessation self-efficacy were completed by 127 smokers and self-...