Increasing evidence suggests that multiple metabolic pathways are regulated by sirtuin-dependent protein deacetylation in the mitochondria. In this issue, Nakagawa et al. (2009) show that the sirtuin SIRT5 deacetylates and activates a mitochondrial enzyme, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1, which mediates the first step in the urea cycle.

amino-group of lysines is an important switch in gene regulation and protein activity and has gained increasing interest in molecular biology and drug discovery in the last decade. One of the enzyme families that catalyze the cleavage of an acetyl group are the NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases, the sirtuins. The human sirtuins have seven members, Sirt1-7. Even though the biology of the sirtu...

Aberrant histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity is frequent in human leukemias. However, while classical, NAD(+)-independent HDACs are an established therapeutic target, the relevance of NAD(+)-dependent HDACs (sirtuins) in leukemia treatment remains unclear. Here, we assessed the antileukemic activity of sirtuin inhibitors and of the NAD(+)-lowering drug FK866, alone and in combination with tradi...

NAD⁺-dependent histone deacetylases (sirtuins) are implicated in cellular processes such as proliferation, DNA repair, and apoptosis by regulating gene expression and the functions of numerous proteins. Due to their key role in cells, the discovery of small molecule sirtuin modulators has been of significant interest for diverse therapeutic applications. In particular, it has been shown that in...

Sirtuin proteins have a variety of intracellular targets, thereby regulating multiple biological pathways including neurodegeneration. However, relatively little is currently known about the role or expression of the 7 mammalian sirtuins in the central nervous system. Western blotting, PCR and ELISA are the main techniques currently used to measure sirtuin levels. To achieve sufficient sensitiv...

Endocrine society has evidence that plastics can disrupt the endocrine system to cause severe diseases in humans and animals. However, are still used a variety of models for their applications. The overproduction simultaneously increases health hazards human animal living society. pancreas is an produces insulin maintain glucose level blood when resists or does not synthesize causing diabetes m...

Sirtuin7 (SIRT7) is a NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase which belongs to sirtuin family. Although sirtuin proteins have attracted a great deal of attention, little is known about SIRT7. SIRT7 participates in rDNA transcription in the nucleolus. However, recent reports show that SIRT7 has additional novel functions. This review summarizes all findings about SIRT7, and highlights its critical ...