For more than 30 years the maxillary sinus augmentation graft has been a mainstay of implant-directed maxillary reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to review the fundamentals of maxillary sinus reconstruction including anatomy and physiology of the sinus, indications for surgery, preoperative evaluation, surgical techniques, and management of complications. While there are some relat...

Pneumatization of the maxillary sinus secondary to posterior maxillary tooth loss is an extremely common finding. Significant atrophy of the maxilla prevents dental implant placement in this region. Grafting the floor of the maxillary sinus has emerged as the most common surgical modality for correcting this inadequacy. Graft material is introduced into the space created inferior to the sinus m...

OBJECTIVES An aberrant sinus anatomy or pathology can influence the sinus lift technique if it is encountered during surgical exposure. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of sinus disease and variations of normal anatomy among edentulous patients prior to sinus augmentation. MATERIAL AND METHODS 120 patients attending a private surgical practice (53 women and 67 ...

procedure is continued after sinus perforation and repair, numerous clinical studies have revealed high rates of sinusitis and implant failure 1,2. Third, the use of bone grafts should be limited in the sinus. The key to inducing new bone formation in the sinus is not bone substitution, but, rather, space maintenance in the new compartment. Bone grafts, as a foreign material, are susceptible to...

PURPOSE This study was performed to establish an experimental rabbit model for single-stage maxillary sinus augmentation with simultaneous implant placement. METHODS Twelve mature New Zealand white rabbits were used for the experiments. The rabbit maxillary sinuses were divided into 3 groups according to sinus augmentation materials: blood clot (BC), autogenous bone (AB), and bovine-derived h...

Antral septa of the maxillary sinus occurs in approximately one third of patients undergoing posterior maxillary bone augmentation and is considered a relative contraindication for lateral maxillary window ("hinge osteotomy"). We present the results of 26 consecutive cases of patients with septated maxillary sinus who underwent minimally invasive antral membrane balloon elevation (MIAMBE) follo...

UNLABELLED The aim of this study is to assess the histological changes in the sinus mucosa adjacent to the alloplastic material used for subantral augmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included ten sheep and a dog. The first group of five sheep underwent a sinus lift procedure, using PerioGlas as an augmentation material; the second similar group of sheep was the control group. The do...

Antral pathoses and anatomical variations increase the risk of surgical complications during a lateral window sinus augmentation procedure. Therefore, an understanding of maxillary sinus diseases and anatomies is imperative. In the first part of this article, common sinus diseases will be reviewed, which include acute/chronic rhinosinusitis, mucoceles, pseudocysts, retention cysts, and odontoge...