Besides Peyer's patches, solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue (SILT) provides a structural platform to efficiently initiate immune responses in the murine small intestine. SILT consists of dynamic lymphoid aggregates that are heterogeneous in size and composition, ranging from small clusters of mostly lineage-negative cells known as cryptopatches to larger isolated lymphoid follicles rich in B c...

Environmental conditions influence patterns of local-scale plant productivity and species richness. We sampled soils and plant communities at a topographicallydiverse, mid-successional old field site in Kansas to better understand the abiotic factors underlying a natural plant productivity gradient. We related soil texture, pH, percent nitrogen and carbon, and soil moisture to elevation, plant ...

Population increase of Pratylenchus hexincisus on corn was tested over 3 months at 15, 20, 25, and 30 C in Marshall silt loam, Clarion silt loam, Buckner coarse sand, and Haig silty clay loam soils. The optimum temperature for increase was 30 C in all soils. The nematode population was significantly larger in Buckner coarse sand than in other soil types at 50 C. The recovered P. hexincisus popu...

A decade after the publication of the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR, Council of Europe 2001), practitioners’ relationship with this fundamental tool is still rather ambivalent and certainly not homogeneous. Very often teachers feel hesitant, asking themselves if what they are doing is consistent with the CEFR guidelines. This scenario, with some minor variations, ca...

using of different systems of soil plough after changing unconsciously and non-scientific of land use, other soil physical and chemical characteristics affected. this fact, especially in marginal lands and mountainous regions is more visible. this research compared with the purpose of studying land use changing on some soil physical and chemical characters like very tiny sand percent, ph, ec, c...

We test the common assumption that organic carbon (OC) storage occurs on sand-sized soil particles only after the OC storage capacity on silt- and clay-sized particles is saturated. Soil samples from a Brookston clay loam in Southwestern Ontario were analysed for the OC concentrations in bulk soil, and on the clay (<2 μm), silt (2-53 μm) and sand (53-2000 μm) particle size fractions. The OC con...

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, is a severe pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., in the United States. Nematode reproduction and the seed yield losses caused by this nematode are influenced by soil texture (3,5,6). Todd and Pearson (5) recovered higher numbers of SCN females and cysts from a sandy loam soil than from silty loams. Soybean yield also has been ne...

Manure-borne bacteria can be transported in runoff as free cells, cells attached to soil particles, and cells attached to manure particles. The objectives of this work were to compare the attachment of fecal coliforms (FC) to different soils and soil fractions and to assess the effect of bovine manure on FC attachment to soil and soil fractions. Three sand fractions of different sizes, the silt...