The phyllosphere supports a tremendous diversity of microbes and other organisms. However, little is known about the colonization and survival of pathogenic and beneficial bacteria alone or together in the phyllosphere across the whole plant life-cycle under herbivory, which hinders our ability to understand the role of phyllosphere bacteria on plant performance. We addressed these questions in...

The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) aldehyde oxidases are a multigene family of four oxidases (AAO1–AAO4) that oxidize a variety of aldehydes, among them abscisic aldehyde, which is oxidized to the phytohormone abscisic acid. Toxic aldehydes are generated in plants both under normal conditions and in response to stress. The detoxification of such aldehydes by oxidation is attributed to aldeh...

The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) aldehyde oxidases are a multigene family of four oxidases (AAO1-AAO4) that oxidize a variety of aldehydes, among them abscisic aldehyde, which is oxidized to the phytohormone abscisic acid. Toxic aldehydes are generated in plants both under normal conditions and in response to stress. The detoxification of such aldehydes by oxidation is attributed to aldeh...

Ammonia (NH3) surface/atmosphere exchange is bi-directional and as such resistance models must include canopy concentrations. An existing single layer model that describes the exchange in terms of adsorption to leaf cuticles and bi-directional transport through leaf stomata, which is governed by a stomatal compensation point (χ s), is applied here to NH3 exchange over oilseed rape and compared ...

The haploid inducer is a cenh3-1 null mutant in the Col-0 ecotype that is complemented by a CENH3 transgene called GFP-tailswap (cenh3-1 is embryo lethal). It has a vegetative phenotype that varies in intensity depending on growth conditions. Rosette leaves are slightly curled, and it also has shorter internodes after bolting. The mutant is mostly male sterile, but has reasonable female fertili...

The laterals of both shoots and roots often maintain a particular angle with respect to the gravity vector, and this angle can change during organ development and in response to environmental stimuli. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the lateral organ gravitropic response are still poorly understood. Here it is demonstrated that the young siliques of Arabidopsis thalinana plant...

in order to study the effect of harvesting time on yield of rapeseed cultivars, this research work was carried out at paddy fields of rice research institute of iran in rasht andamol during 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 cropping seasons. the experiment was conducted in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. four rapeseed cultivars including hyola 308, hyola 40...

Oilseed crops require several micronutrients to support their physiological functions and reproductive phases. A deficiency of these nutrients can significantly reduce the yield oil quality oilseed crops. Soil application improve plant growth, yield, quality. rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important crop that produces with low levels saturated fat high beneficial omega-3 fatty acids, which rend...

The Agrobacterium vacuum infiltration method has made it possible to transform Arabidopsis thaliana without plant tissue culture or regeneration. In the present study, this method was evaluated and a substantially modified transformation method was developed. The labor-intensive vacuum infiltration process was eliminated in favor of simple dipping of developing floral tissues into a solution co...

Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that play fundamental roles in plant growth and development. Gibberellin 2-oxidase (GA2ox) plays a direct role in determining the levels of bioactive GAs by catalyzing bioactive GAs or their immediate precursors to inactive forms. In this study, a GA2ox gene, designated JcGA2ox6, was isolated from Jatropha curcas. JcGA2ox6 is expressed in all tissues of adu...