After a genome is assembled, the next step is genomic annotation, which can generate data that will allow various types of research of the model organism. Complete DNA sequences of the organism are then mapped in areas pertinent to the research objectives. In this chapter, we explore relevant ongoing research on genes and consider the gene as a basic mapping unit. Gene prediction is the first h...

medicinal use of the opium poppy (papaver somniferum l) has ancient history, but the isolation of morphine was not described until the early nineteenth century. morphine is the most important alkaloid of opium poppy in the last 50 years. in the morphine pathway has been reported to generate morphine in this species, codm has a crucial role as the gene coding the enzyme responsible for demethyla...

efficiency of enzymes which are used in industrial or environmental applications is highly dependent on their thermal stability. in this study, the stability of dfpase has been evaluated after introducing disulfide bonds to the structure. the results obtained from a series of protein design software were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation at different temperature to test the performance...

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In the growing field of proteomics, tools for the in silico analysis of proteins and even of whole proteomes are of crucial importance to make best use of the accumulating amount of data. To utilise this data for healthcare and drug development, first the characteristics of proteomes of entire species-mainly the human-have to be understood, before secondly differentiation between individuals ca...

We present in silico, physiologically-based rat liver models that are designed for large-scale and high-performance experimentation and analysis. We refer to the framework used as the parallel in silico liver (PISL). The models include agents. The simulations, intended for exploratory experimentation, are agent-directed. To facilitate reaching our goals the models use multi-scale parallelism, p...

Obesity refers to abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the human body which results in health risk. Obesity leads to several risk factors for a number of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and osteoarthritis. Curcumin, the major polyphenol of turmeric spice, is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). Growth of adipose tissue is enhanced by the process...

Most plant lectins exhibit other properties. Some also bind plant growth regulators, the cytokinins, which are small hydrophobic molecules derivate from adenine [5,6]. They are secreted proteins and are found in vacuoles, cell walls, or intercellular spaces, of just about every plant organ [7]. Legume root lectins, are involved in the recognition and binding of Rhizobium and Brudyrhizobium sp. ...

This review examines the progress that is being made towards the in silico prediction of brain permeation. Following a brief introduction to the blood-brain barrier, the datasets currently available for in silico modeling are discussed. Recent developments in in silico models of brain permeation are summarized in the context of the current state of the art in prediction accuracy. An analysis of...

In recent years in silico analysis of common laboratory mice has been introduced and subsequently applied, in slightly different ways, as a methodology for gene mapping. Previously we have demonstrated some limitation of the methodology due to sporadic genetic correlations across the genome. Here, we revisit the three main aspects that affect in silico analysis. First, we report on the use of m...