We investigate the effects of different silence modelling strategies in Weighted Finite-State Transducers for Automatic Speech Recognition. We show that the choice of silence models, and the way they are included in the transducer, can have a significant effect on the size of the resulting transducer; we present a means to prevent particularly large silence overheads. Our conclusions include th...

Amani was a 24-year-old woman in her second year of nursing school in Jerusalem. She lived with her extended family, including her parents, grandparents, and six older brothers, who had emigrated from Syria more than 10 years earlier. They are religious Muslim Arabs who lived in an Arab village not far from our cancer center in Jerusalem. For more than a year, Amani had experienced symptoms of ...

the current study aims to examine the  effect of glass cliff on work engagement with the mediator roe of organizational silence. the statistical population consists of all formal staff of women in bu-ali university of hamedan, totally 88,   among which 52  were selected by stratified random sampling method. data were gathered through three questionnaires, the glass cliff, organizational silence...

In Japan, there exists a strange dichotomy. On the one hand, it is a noisy place: the constant announcements in the train stations and shopping centres, the loud cries of shopkeepers greeting customers to their stores, the hustle and bustle of the busy streets. On the other hand, the Japanese value silence. It might seem odd that silence is valued in a place where such a cacophony exists, but s...

We analyze gazes during silence in multi-party conversation and compare them between conversations among nativelanguage speakers and those among second-language speakers. The duration of gaze during silence shows a significant difference between these two conditions: Gaze during silence is longer in a second-language conversation. Correlation analyses for gazes during silence and the values fro...

This paper investigates the identity implications of silence about genocide in commemorations of American Thanksgiving. In Study 1 we assessed the co-occurrence of national glorification themes with different forms of silence in commemoration products by conducting a content analysis of presidential Thanksgiving proclamations. In Study 2 we examined the extent to which different commemoration p...

BACKGROUND The high lipid solubility that permits rapid transfer across the blood-brain barrier makes propofol attractive for intracarotid injection. The authors hypothesized that intracarotid injection produces electrocerebral silence at a fraction of the intravenous dose and with less adverse systemic and cerebrovascular side effects. METHODS The authors compared the systemic and cerebrovas...

organizational silence is defined as the lack of effective interactions among staff and it standsopposite to the concept of organizational voice. in the present research, the purpose is to measure thesilence behavior among the research institute of petroleum industry (ripi) staff before and after theimplementation of a comprehensive suggestion system. a suggestion system is an internal structur...