Detecting is the most important section in all kinds of sensors. In this regard, the amplification of surface plasmon resonance intensity of gold colloids nanoparticles (GNPs) was studied in the presence of several ions. GNPs were synthesized and then capped by thiocyanate and characterized via DLS and TEM image. In the next step the effect of different concentrations of ions such as iron, copp...

Molecular beacons represent a new family of fluorescent probes for nucleic acids, and have found broad applications in recent years due to their unique advantages over traditional probes. Detection of nucleic acids using molecular beacons has been based on hybridization between target molecules and molecular beacons in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. The stoichiometric hybridization, however, puts ...

Abstract This article discusses some fundamental properties of electronic amplifiers and the associated implications. When defining passivity a multi-port circuit in sense net power consumption (rather than ability to amplify signals), devices such as transistors, which are commonly described “active”, have be considered passive, is referred “energetically passive” avoid confusion with other de...