Since the start of 2020, people all around globe have been subject to life-limiting limitations duw Covid-19 that is unprecedented. The world’s population has dealing with previously unheard-of restrictions on their way life since 2020. proper urban planning essential because it relates land management create a healthy environment free from epidemics. It analyses effectiveness space as defended...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of installing sidewalks to increase levels of transport-walking. METHODS Secondary analysis using logistic regression established the association of sidewalks with transport-walking using two transport-walking thresholds of 150 and 60 min/week using Western Australian data (n=1394) from 1995 to 2000. Minimum, moderate and maximum interv...

Traffic safety and pedestrian friendliness are considered to be important conditions for older people's motivation to walk through their environment. This study uses an experimental study design with computer-simulated living environments to investigate the effect of micro-scale environmental factors (parking spaces and green verges with trees) on older people's perceptions of both motivational...

Traffic safety and pedestrian friendliness are considered to be important conditions for older people’s motivation to walk through their environment. This study uses an experimental study design with computer-simulated living environments to investigate the effect of micro-scale environmental factors (parking spaces and green verges with trees) on older people’s perceptions of both motivational...

This paper examines different numerical methods to estimate flexural strain from surface elevation measurements on concrete sidewalks. Surface elevations, along a typical concrete sidewalk cross section, were monitored on a monthly basis as part of a study to determine the cracking mechanism of concrete sidewalks. These measurements were carried out in Calgary, Edmonton, and Camrose, Alberta, b...

This paper proposes an advanced method of geocoding for walking directions in documents using daily local expressions. Walking directions are usually described in casual expressions, but not in regular ones like address. Thus, it has been considered practically impossible to geocode walking directions. However, sidewalk network databases in major cities of Japan have been available for human na...