Recently, the Al2O3–TiO2–ZrO2 system has found valuable applications, particularly, as a support for NOx storage–reduction (NSR) catalysts. Nanocomposite powders were prepared from the co-precipitation method in inorganic precursors. The behaviors of mixed oxide nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation, such as dispersion, and crushing were studied. Phase transformations, crystallite size, an...

Transmission Electron Microscopy developed from an imaging tool into a quantitative electron beam characterization tool that locally accesses structure, chemistry, and bonding in materials with sub Angstrom resolution. Experiments utilize coherently and incoherently scattered electrons. In this contribution, the interface between gallium nitride and sapphire as well as thin silicon gate oxides ...

Mixed oxides with large surface area and high thermal stability can be obtained by thermal treatment of the layered double hydroxides (LDH). Mg–Al–Fe mixed oxide samples with varying Mg/Al ratio and 5 mol.% of Fe were prepared in this way and the iron oxidation state (Feox) in these compounds was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), using a calibration based on the relation of Feo...

We review recent developments in the epitaxial integration of multifunctional oxide thin film heterostructures on silicon (Si). Perovskite oxides have been extensively studied for use in multifunctional devices due to a wide range of functional properties. To realize multifunctional oxide devices, these multifunctional films should be integrated directly on Si, maintaining high crystalline qual...

1 Randomized Strategies or Mixed Strategies Consider a strategic form game: Γ = 〈N, (Si), (ui)〉. The elements of Si are called pure strategies of player i (i = 1, . . . , n). If player i chooses a strategy in Si according to a probability distribution, we have a mixed strategy or a randomized strategy. In the discussion that follows, we assume that Si is a finite for each i = 1, 2, . . . , n. D...

Synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy has been used to study thermal SiOz/Si(lOO) interfaces. Oxides were grown at 700 “C and were then post-annealed at higher temperatures. Various Si oxidation states Si+’ ( x re p resents the oxidation state) at the interface were detected from Si 2p core level measurements. The results show that the amount of both Si’3 and Si+2 increases while tha...

Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and related techniques have long been used to determine the elemental depth profiles in films a few nanometres to a few microns thick. However, although obtaining spectra is very easy, solving the inverse problem of extracting the depth profiles from the spectra is not possible analytically except for special cases. It is because these special cases ...

The effect of gold presence on carbon monoxide oxidation and ethanol steam reforming catalytic behavior of two Ce-Zr-Co mixed oxides catalysts with a constant Co charge and different Ce/Zr ratios was investigated. The Ce-Zr-Co mixed oxides were obtained by the pseudo sol-gel like method, based on metallic propionates polymerization and thermal decomposition, whereas the gold-supported Ce-Zr-Co ...

Ceria-titania solutions with compositions of Ce0.9Ti0.1O2 and Ce0.8Ti0.2O2 were prepared by the citric-acid (Pechini) method and characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) for structure, coulometric titration for redox thermodynamics, and water-gas-shift (WGS) reaction rates. Following calcination at 973 K, XRD suggests that the mixed oxides exist as single-phase, fluorite structures, although...