Different optical techniques were applied to describe the thermal and chemical processes that occur in a SI small engine from the ported fuel injection and in-cylinder mixture formation to the combustion process and the exhaust emission. In PFI SI engines, the atomized fuel is sprayed towards the intake valves, where it may evaporate, puddle or rebound. Furthermore, a portion of the fuel may fl...

A continuing quest in science is the development of materials capable of operating structurally at ever-increasing temperatures. Indeed, the development of gas-turbine engines for aircraft/aerospace, which has had a seminal impact on our ability to travel, has been controlled by the availability of materials capable of withstanding the higher-temperature hostile environments encountered in thes...

The speed control during cold start for SI engines is a challenging topic due to the difficulties in handling the dramatic change of the engine dynamics. The SICE Research Committee on Advanced Powertrain Control Theory provides a V6 SI engine model and the benchmark problem of cold start control focusing on the engine speed behavior when the engine model starts. The control design specificatio...

This paper reports aldehyde emissions from two-stroke and four-stroke, single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engines with gasohol (80 vol. % gasoline, 20 vol. % ethanol) having copper coated engine (copper-coated thickness, 300 μm) on piston crown and inner side of cylinder head) provided with catalytic converter with sponge iron as catalyst and compared with conventional SI engine with gasoline ...

It is well known that hydrogen addition to spark-ignited (SI) engines can reduce exhaust emissions and increase efficiency. Micro plasmatron fuel converters can be used for onboard generation of hydrogen-rich gas by partial oxidation of a wide range of fuels. These plasma boosted microreformers are compact, rugged, and provide rapid response. With hydrogen supplement to the main fuel, SI engine...