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in this work, the feasibility study for design of a laboratory sample rde which has an annular geometry with diameter of 76 mm and length of 101 mm has been performed. detonation engines are expected to be used as propulsion system in aerospace applications in the future. several types of detonation engines are currently under examination, including the rotating detonation engine (rde). first, ...

By scattering particles and causing dissipation, waves in a collisionless shock play a role similar to collisions in an ordinary gas. In describing the waves and instability that occur near a shock three regions must be considered: (1) the transition region, (2) the upstream region, and (3) the downstream region. The transition region is usually characterized by an abrupt broadband burst of ele...

Raman spectroscopy is shown to be an efficient diagnostic methodology for the study of hypersonic shock waves. As a test, absolute density and rotational population profiles have been measured across five representative normal shock waves of N2 generated in a free jet, spanning the Mach number range 7.7<M<15.3. The interconversion of three differentiated populations (cold, scattered, and rether...

form of a primary blast wave) that occurs when a powerful explosive detonates in a free field, without nearby surfaces that can interact with the wave. A series of complex shock waves are then generated following the lead shock wave (the original shock front), including reflected shock waves, a Mach stem, an unsteady turbulent jet, and rarefaction waves. These waves can cause sudden compression...

We study waves in convex scalar conservation laws under noisy initial perturbations. It is known that the building blocks of these waves are shock and rarefaction waves, both are invariant under hyperbolic scaling. Noisy perturbations can generate complicated wave patterns, such as diffusion process of shock locations. However we show that under the hyperbolic scaling, the solutions converge in...

A method to detect the discontinuity of a shock wave from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data was developed based on the characteristics. A shock wave is mathematically defined as a convergence of characteristics. Such convergences are interpreted as critical lines of the streamlines, which are easily identified by calculating the eigenvectors of the vector field for the propagation velocit...

We introduce a new approach to decompose a system of viscous conservation laws with respect to each characteristic wave structures. Under this new decomposition, the global wave interactions of the system are reduced to coupling of nonlinear waves around constant states outside shock region and a scalar conservation law in the shock region to determine the behavior of local internal shock layer...

[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and mechanisms of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis. [Subjects and Methods] Histomorphometric analysis of necrotic femoral head in rabbits treated with shock waves was performed. Bilateral osteonecrosis of femoral heads was induced with methylprednisolone and lipopolysaccharide in eight rabb...

To target taxanes to castration-resistant prostate cancer cells, glycol-chitosan nanobubbles loaded with paclitaxel and docetaxel were constructed. The loaded nanobubbles were then combined with Extracorporeal Shock Waves, acoustic waves widely used in urology and orthopedics, with no side effects. Nanobubbles, with an average diameter of 353.3 ± 15.5 nm, entered two different castration-resist...