Laboratory test methods for assessing the hail impact performance of roofing materials were introduced in 1990s. They are based on older science, which projectiles match a theoretical kinetic energy and damage is assessed using binary pass/fail rating whether crack can be detected by expert judgment. The existing do not replicate real-world modes, nearly all products have same rating, making it...

Lateral currents in shingle joints are the driving advantage of matrix modules when it comes to partial shading. In layout, allow current pass shaded regions solar module, whereas other module layouts, is blocked by cells. We use magnetic field imaging unveil paths a string and under shading at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xl...

Similarity search on time series is a frequent operation in large-scale data-driven applications. Sophisticated similarity measures are standard for time series matching, as they are usually misaligned. Dynamic Time Warping or DTW is the most widely used similarity measure for time series because it combines alignment and matching at the same time. However, the alignment makes DTW slow. To spee...

The sustainability movement has established a firm foothold in the Civil Engineering profession. The use of recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) is the latest development in the world of asphalt pavement sustainability. The relative abundance of tear-off shingles and their high asphalt content is driving RAS usage in highway and airfield pavements. However, the ultimate objective of any pavement sys...

This paper presents and compares two methods for evaluating the syntactic similarity between documents. The first method uses the Patricia tree, constructed from the original document, and the similarity is computed searching the text of each candidate document in the tree. The second method uses shingles concept to obtain the similarity measure for every document pairs, and each shingle from t...

Rainwater harvesting systems are one way to address the worldwide increase in water demand. If the harvested rainwater is for indoor use, residential users often disinfect it. If it is disinfected with chlorine, the presence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can lead to the formation of harmful disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes (THMs). Although the quality of harvested rainwater ...

Abstract: The retreat of chalk cliffs fringing the eastern English Channel contributes shingle to the beaches which helps to protect the cliffs and slow down erosion. Conversely, cliff retreat endangers settlements and infrastructure on the clifftop. Rates of retreat have been calculated by a variety of methods over the past century, but no attempt has been made to provide a complete coverage t...

The current study involves developing a three-dimensional transient finite element (FE) model to evaluate the thermal performance of an attic radiant barrier system (ARBS) as an energy efficient technology. The heat transfer modes of convection, radiation, and conduction were considered in the FE model. The results from the FE analysis were then validated based on hourly experimental data colle...